Ventilator-associated pneumonia
From IDWiki
Definition
- Pneumonia that develops at least 48 hours after starting invasive ventilation
Etiology
- Early (within 4 days)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
- Enteric Gram-negative bacilli
- Escherichia coli
- Klebsiella pneumiae
- Enterobacter spp.
- Proteus spp.
- Serratia marcescens
- Late (after 4 days)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- Acinetobacter
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- ESBL bacteria
Clinical Manifestations
- Intubation
- Fever, leukocytosis, purulent secretions
Investigations
- CXR
- Sputum culture
