Background
- Deficiency of vitamin B1
- Risk factors include:
- Weight loss surgery
- Total parenteral nutrition, it inadequate thiamine
- Alcohol use disorder
Clinical Manifestations
- Wernicke encephalopathy, with an acute syndrome characterized by confusion, nystagmus, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia
- Korsakoff syndrome, with impaired shot-term memory and confabulation but otherwise normal cognition
- Infantile beriberi
- Adult beriberi
- May be "dry", with symmetrical peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy
- May be "wet", with cardiomegaly and heart failure, in addition to neuropathy
