Obligate anaerobes
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Anaerobes
Microbiology
- Colonizes skin and mucosal surfaces
- Difficult to grow
Organisms
- Gram-negative
- Bacilli
- Bacteroides spp.
- B. fragilis group: B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. distasonis, B. vulgatus, B. ovatus, B. uniformis
- Other Bacteroides spp.: B. gracilis, B. ureolyticus, Bilophila wadsworthia, Sutterella spp
- Prevotella spp.
- Pigmented: P. melaninogenica, P. intermedia, P. denticola, P. loescheii, P. corporis, P. nigrescens
- Non-pigmented: P. oris, P. buccae, P. oralis group (P. oralis, P. buccalis, P. veroralis), P. bivia, P. disiens
- Porphyromonas spp.: P. asaccharolytica, P. gingivalis, P. endodontalis
- Fusobacterium spp.: F. nucleatum, F. necrophorum, F. gonidiaformans, F. naviforme, F. mortiferum, F. verium
- Bilophila spp.
- Sutterella spp.
- Bacteroides spp.
- Cocci
- Veillonella spp.
- Bacilli
- Gram-positive
- Cocci
- Peptostreptococcus spp.: P. magnus, P. asaccharolyticus, P. prevotii, P. intermedius, P. anaerobius, P. micros
- Bacilli (spore-forming)
- Clostridium spp.: C. perfringens, C. ramosum, C. septicum, C. novyi, C. histolytica, C. sporogenes, C. difficile, C. bifermentans, C. butyricum, C. innocuum, C. sordellii, C. botulinum, C. tetani
- Bacilli (non-spore-forming)
- Propionibacterium spp.: P. acnes, P. propionicum, P. granulosum
- Eubacterium tentum
- Bifidobacterium spp.: B. eriksonii, B. dentium
- Actinomyces spp.: A. israelii, A. naestundii, A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus, A. meyerii
- Cocci
Further Reading
- Brook I. [Spectrum and treatment of anaerobic infections](http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.jiac.2015.10.010). J Infect Chemother (2015).
