Congenital CMV
From IDWiki
Epidemiology
- Maternal seroconversion in about 2% of pregnancies
- Higher in childcare workers
- Risk of transmission to fetus
- About 1 in 200 live births in US
- Primary infection: 30% risk of congenital CMV; higher risk later in pregnancy, but worse outcomes earlier
- Non-primary
- Reinfection: 5% risk
- Reactivation: 1% risk
Clinical Manifestations
- Mother may have had asymptomatic infection
- At birth
- Later
- Cognitive deficits (7%)
- Sensorineural hearing loss (20%)
Diagnosis
- In mom, IgM antibodies
- In baby, urine PCR within 2 weeks of birth
Management
- Treatment is indicated for symptomatic babies
- Brain
- Hearing
- Eye
- IV ganciclovir or PO valganciclovir, for 6 months
- Monitor CBC while on therapy
References
- ^ Gisela Enders, Anja Daiminger, Ursula Bäder, Simone Exler, Martin Enders. Intrauterine transmission and clinical outcome of 248 pregnancies with primary cytomegalovirus infection in relation to gestational age. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2011;52(3):244-246. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2011.07.005.
- ^ William D Rawlinson, Suresh B Boppana, Karen B Fowler, David W Kimberlin, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Sophie Alain, Kate Daly, Sara Doutré, Laura Gibson, Michelle L Giles, Janelle Greenlee, Stuart T Hamilton, Gail J Harrison, Lisa Hui, Cheryl A Jones, Pamela Palasanthiran, Mark R Schleiss, Antonia W Shand, Wendy J van Zuylen. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy and the neonate: consensus recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2017;17(6):e177-e188. doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(17)30143-3.
