Mycobacterium kansasii
From IDWiki
Mycobacterium kansasii
Background
- Species of non-tuberculous mycobacterium within the genus Mycobacterium
- Slow grower photochromogen
- Almost never colonizer, almost always considered pathogenic
Clinical Manifestations
- Causes pulmonary disease, particularly upper lobe cavitary disease in male smokers with alcohol use, often in early 50s
- Also causes disseminated disease, particularly in AIDS
- Can cause MSK infections
Management
- Ideally based on susceptibilities
- Recommended regimen is rifampicin, ethambutol, and either isoniazid or macrolide
- Second-line agents would include moxifloxacin and amikacin or streptomycin
- Duration is 12 months, though some experts recommend 12 months following sputum conversion
- Sputum usually negative around 4 months
Further Reading
- Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA clinical practice guideline. Eur Respir J. 2020 Jul 7;56(1):2000535. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00535-2020. PMID: 32636299; PMCID: PMC8375621.
