Escherichia coli
From IDWiki
Background
Microbiology
- Lactose-fermenting Gram-negative bacillus within the Enterobacteriaceae
- Can also be non-lactose-fermenter on MacConkey agar that is β-hemolytic on SBA
- Member of commensal gut flora
Classification
- Has multiple pathotypes
| Group | Pathotype | Serotypes | Virulence Factors | Clinical Manifestations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) | Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) | UTI | ||
| Neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) | more likely to produce K1 capsule and S fimbriae | neonatal meningitis | ||
| Sepsis-causing E. coli (SEPEC) | bacteremia, sepsis | |||
| Intestinal pathogenic E. coli | Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) | O44:H34, O55:H6/7/32, O86:H2/34, O111:H2/7/12, O114:H2, O119:H6, O124:H?, O125:H21, O127:H4/6/21, O128:H2/21, O142:H6/34, O158:H23 | EPEC adherence factor, attaching/effacing changes, localized adherence pattern | severe acute watery diarrhea that can become chronic |
| Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) | O6:H–/12/16/40, O8:H–/42, O25:H–/42, O27:H7, O29:H21, O63:H–/12, O78:H11/12, O117:H4, O125:H30, 0126:H2, O128:H8/35, O143:H–, O146:H39, O148:H28, O153:H45, O159:H4/21 | heat-labile and -stable toxins, colonization factor antigens | acute watery diarrhea | |
| Enterhemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) | O26:H11, O77:H18, O103:H2, O104:H21, O111:H8, 0113:H21, O128:H2, O145:H–, O157:H–/7, O178:H19 | attaching/effacing changes, produces Stx Shiga (or related) toxins | watery and bloody diarrhea and can lead to HUS | |
| Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) | ||||
| Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) | nontypeable, rough, O3:H2, O6:H1, O11:H16, O15:H21, O44:H18, O92:H23, O111:H21, O126:H2/27/–, O104:H4 | autoaggregative attaching pattern, heat-labile and -stable toxins | mucoid diarrhea that can become chronic | |
| Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) | O28:H–, O29:H–, O32:H–, O42:H–, O89:H–, O112:H–, O121:H–, O124:H–, O136:H–, O144:H–, O152:H– | spreads cell-to-cell (invasion factors) | watery diarrhea or dysentery | |
| Diffuse-adhering E. coli (DAEC) | Afa/Dr/F1845 adherence factors, invasion factors | possibly diarrhea | ||
| Animal-associated pathogenic E. coli (AAPEC) | Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) | bird sepsis, chronic respiratory disease, swollen head syndrome | ||
| Mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) | bovine mastitis | |||
| Endometrial pathogenic E. coli (EnPEC) | bovine endometriosis |
