Microbiology
- Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is in the genus Orthopoxvirus and family Poxviridae
Epidemiology
- Zoonotic disease endemic to west and central Africa
- Hosts include non-human primates and prairie dogs, squirrels, and possibly other rodents
- Endemic countries include DRC (most common), Liberia, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Benin, Cameroon, Gabon, and South Sudan
- Human infection is associated with animal trapping, hunting, and skinning, and other exposures to animals including bites, feces, urine, or respiratory droplets
- Global outbreaks may happen with the global trafficking in exotic pets
- Human-to-human transmission possible, but less than smallpox
Clinical Presentation
- Clinically indistinguishible from smallpox, though may have much more pronounced lymphadenopathy
- Incubation period about 12 days
- Fever, rash, lymphadenopathy (cervical, submandibular, and sublingual)
- Mortality 1-10% (per WHO)
Management
Post-exposure prophylaxis
- ??smallpox vaccine??
[[Category:Poxviridae]
