SPICE organisms: Difference between revisions
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== Definition == |
== Definition == |
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| − | * Gram-negative bacteria with inducible or derepressable beta-lactamases, primarily |
+ | * Gram-negative bacteria with inducible or derepressable beta-lactamases, primarily [[AmpC β-lactamase]] |
== Organisms == |
== Organisms == |
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* [[Providencia]] |
* [[Providencia]] |
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* Indole-positive [[Proteus species]] (e.g. [[Proteus vulgaris]], but not [[Proteus mirabilis]]) |
* Indole-positive [[Proteus species]] (e.g. [[Proteus vulgaris]], but not [[Proteus mirabilis]]) |
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| − | * [[Citrobacter species]] |
+ | * [[Citrobacter species|'''Citrobacter species''']] |
** [[C. koseri]] does ''not'' have an AmpC |
** [[C. koseri]] does ''not'' have an AmpC |
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| + | * [[Enterobacter cloacae|'''Enterobacter cloacae''']], and now also '''[[Klebsiella aerogenes]]''' (previously ''Enterobacter aerogenes'') |
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| − | * [[Enterobacter cloacae]] |
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Also: |
Also: |
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Revision as of 15:59, 24 November 2021
Definition
- Gram-negative bacteria with inducible or derepressable beta-lactamases, primarily AmpC β-lactamase
Organisms
- Serratia species
- Providencia
- Indole-positive Proteus species (e.g. Proteus vulgaris, but not Proteus mirabilis)
- Citrobacter species
- C. koseri does not have an AmpC
- Enterobacter cloacae, and now also Klebsiella aerogenes (previously Enterobacter aerogenes)
Also:
- Hafnia alvei
- Acinetobacter, though not inducible or AmpC (merely very resistant_
- Morganella morganii
- Cronobacter
- Edwardsiella
Treatment
- Not penicillins or cephalosporins, as resistance will develop within a few days
- Carbapenems still work, as do aminoglycosides
Further Reading
- Jones R, Baquero F, Privitera G, Inoue M, Widermann B. Inducible β-lactamase-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. Clin Microbio Infect. 1997;3(1):S7-S20.
- https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz173/5369903
