Marburg virus: Difference between revisions

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== Microbiology ==
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==Background==
   
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=== Microbiology ===
* Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
 
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*Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the [[Filoviridae]] family
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*Genus contains two species
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**Marburg virus
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**Ravn virus
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=== Epidemiology ===
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* Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
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* Animal reservoir is [[Reservoir::fruit bat]], with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
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** The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa
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== Clinical Manifestations ==
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* Incubation period [[Usual incubation period::2 to 21 days]]
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* Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
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* Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
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** Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
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** Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
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** Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
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** Headache, confusion
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* Mortality 23 to 90%
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== Management ==
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* Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
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* Experimental therapies include [[favipiravir]] and monoclonal antibodies
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== Prevent ==
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* Vaccination is under investigation
   
 
[[Category:Filoviridae]]
 
[[Category:Filoviridae]]

Revision as of 09:38, 28 August 2020

Background

Microbiology

  • Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
  • Genus contains two species
    • Marburg virus
    • Ravn virus

Epidemiology

  • Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
  • Animal reservoir is fruit bat, with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
    • The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa

Clinical Manifestations

  • Incubation period 2 to 21 days
  • Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
  • Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
    • Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
    • Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
    • Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
    • Headache, confusion
  • Mortality 23 to 90%

Management

  • Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
  • Experimental therapies include favipiravir and monoclonal antibodies

Prevent

  • Vaccination is under investigation