Marburg virus: Difference between revisions
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+ | ==Background== |
+ | === Microbiology === |
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+ | *Genus contains two species |
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+ | **Marburg virus |
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+ | **Ravn virus |
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+ | === Epidemiology === |
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+ | * Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases |
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+ | * Animal reservoir is [[Reservoir::fruit bat]], with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations |
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+ | ** The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa |
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+ | == Clinical Manifestations == |
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+ | * Incubation period [[Usual incubation period::2 to 21 days]] |
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+ | * Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise |
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+ | * Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3 |
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+ | ** Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week) |
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+ | ** Chest pain, dyspnea, cough |
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+ | ** Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash |
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+ | ** Headache, confusion |
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+ | * Mortality 23 to 90% |
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+ | == Management == |
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+ | * Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially |
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+ | * Experimental therapies include [[favipiravir]] and monoclonal antibodies |
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+ | == Prevent == |
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+ | * Vaccination is under investigation |
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[[Category:Filoviridae]] |
[[Category:Filoviridae]] |
Revision as of 09:38, 28 August 2020
Background
Microbiology
- Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
- Genus contains two species
- Marburg virus
- Ravn virus
Epidemiology
- Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
- Animal reservoir is fruit bat, with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
- The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa
Clinical Manifestations
- Incubation period 2 to 21 days
- Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
- Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
- Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
- Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
- Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
- Headache, confusion
- Mortality 23 to 90%
Management
- Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
- Experimental therapies include favipiravir and monoclonal antibodies
Prevent
- Vaccination is under investigation