Congenital rubella: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:43, 9 February 2020

Background

Pathophysiology

Transplacental transfer of virus occurs during viremia, which peaks about 5 to 7 days following infection of mother

Clinical Presentation

Spectrum of disease, which includes intra-uterine fetal demise, preterm delivery, and the congenital rubella syndrome
Severity depends in part on timing of infection
- Infection in first trimester has 80% chance of defects
- Congenital defects are unlikely if infection happens after 18 to 20 weeks gestation
- Intra-uterine growth restriction is likely only effect in third trimester
Most children are asymptomatic at birth, but can develop signs and symptoms after several years
Deafness, cataracts, glaucoma, congenital heart disease, and cognitive defects
Low birth weight, thrombocytopenic purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, meningoencephalitis, retinopathy, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis, developmental disorders, cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia
By the second decade of life, it can cause a progressing, fatal panencephalitis

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+== Background ==
+=== Pathophysiology ===
+* Transplacental transfer of virus occurs during viremia, which peaks about 5 to 7 days following infection of mother
 == Clinical Presentation ==
+* Spectrum of disease, which includes [[Causes::intra-uterine fetal demise]], [[Causes::preterm delivery]], and the congenital rubella syndrome
+* Severity depends in part on timing of infection
+** Infection in first trimester has 80% chance of defects
+** Congenital defects are unlikely if infection happens after 18 to 20 weeks gestation
+** [[Causes::Intra-uterine growth restriction]] is likely only effect in third trimester
+* Most children are asymptomatic at birth, but can develop signs and symptoms after several years
 * [[Causes::Deafness]], [[Causes::cataracts]], [[Causes::glaucoma]], [[Causes::congenital heart disease]], and [[Causes::cognitive defects]]
-* [[Causes::Low birth weight]], [[Causes::thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[Causes::hepatosplenomegaly]], [[Causes::meningoencephalitis]], [[Causes::retinopathy]], PDA, PS, developmental disorders, [[Causes::cryptorchidism]], inguinal hernia
+* [[Causes::Low birth weight]], [[Causes::thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[Causes::hepatosplenomegaly]], [[Causes::meningoencephalitis]], [[Causes::retinopathy]], [[Causes::patent ductus arteriosus]], [[Causes::pulmonary stenosis]], developmental disorders, [[Causes::cryptorchidism]], inguinal hernia
+* By the second decade of life, it can cause a progressing, fatal [[Causes::panencephalitis]]
 [[Category:Pediatrics]]