Actinomyces: Difference between revisions
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Actinomyces
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= Microbiology = |
== Microbiology == |
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* Weakly Gram-positive bacterium that looks fungal under microscopy |
* Weakly Gram-positive bacterium that looks fungal under microscopy |
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* Spreads by direct invasion through tissue and creating fistulae |
* Spreads by direct invasion through tissue and creating fistulae |
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= Syndromes = |
== Syndromes == |
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== Cervicofacial actinomycosis == |
=== Cervicofacial actinomycosis === |
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* "Lumpy jaw syndrome" with painless jaw mass, trismus, and eventually pain |
* "Lumpy jaw syndrome" with painless jaw mass, trismus, and eventually pain |
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* Most common form, accounting for ~50% of cases |
* Most common form, accounting for ~50% of cases |
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== Abdominal actinomycosis == |
=== Abdominal actinomycosis === |
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* Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin |
* Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin |
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== Pulmonary actinomycosis == |
=== Pulmonary actinomycosis === |
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* Presents as a chronic, non-resolving pneumonia or as a lung cancer |
* Presents as a chronic, non-resolving pneumonia or as a lung cancer |
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* Can spread directly to involve heart as well |
* Can spread directly to involve heart as well |
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== Others == |
=== Others === |
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* Endocarditis |
* Endocarditis |
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= Management = |
== Management == |
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* IV penicillin x4-6 weeks then PO penicillin x6-12 months |
* IV penicillin x4-6 weeks then PO penicillin x6-12 months |
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Revision as of 12:11, 16 August 2019
Microbiology
- Weakly Gram-positive bacterium that looks fungal under microscopy
- Oral and gut flora
- Spreads by direct invasion through tissue and creating fistulae
Syndromes
Cervicofacial actinomycosis
- "Lumpy jaw syndrome" with painless jaw mass, trismus, and eventually pain
- Most common form, accounting for ~50% of cases
Abdominal actinomycosis
- Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin
Pulmonary actinomycosis
- Presents as a chronic, non-resolving pneumonia or as a lung cancer
- Can spread directly to involve heart as well
Others
- Endocarditis
Management
- IV penicillin x4-6 weeks then PO penicillin x6-12 months
- Alternatives include ceftriaxone, amox/clav
