Chromobacterium violaceum: Difference between revisions
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Chromobacterium violaceum
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= Microbiology = |
== Microbiology == |
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* Gram-negative bacterium |
* Gram-negative bacterium |
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* Found in water |
* Found in water |
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= Epidemiology = |
== Epidemiology == |
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* Mostly tropical or subtropical areas, especially southeast Asia |
* Mostly tropical or subtropical areas, especially southeast Asia |
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* CGD is a risk factor for opportunistic infection, as is G6PD deficiency |
* CGD is a risk factor for opportunistic infection, as is G6PD deficiency |
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= Clinical Presentation = |
== Clinical Presentation == |
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* Causes wound infections following contaminated water exposure |
* Causes wound infections following contaminated water exposure |
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* High mortality (53%) |
* High mortality (53%) |
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= Differential Diagnosis for SSTI After Water Exposure = |
== Differential Diagnosis for SSTI After Water Exposure == |
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* Common bugs: ''Staph'', ''Strep'', polymicrobial, ''Klebsiella'', ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''E. coli'' |
* Common bugs: ''Staph'', ''Strep'', polymicrobial, ''Klebsiella'', ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''E. coli'' |
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* Others: ''Burkholderia pseudomallei'', NTMs, some fungal infections |
* Others: ''Burkholderia pseudomallei'', NTMs, some fungal infections |
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= Management = |
== Management == |
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* FQs, chloramphenicol, tetracyline, TMP-SMX, imipenem, gentamicin |
* FQs, chloramphenicol, tetracyline, TMP-SMX, imipenem, gentamicin |
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= Further Reading = |
== Further Reading == |
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* [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2011.08.013 ''Chromobacterium violaceum'' infection: a clinical review of an important but neglected infection]. ''J Chin Med Assoc''. 2011;74(10):435-41. |
* [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2011.08.013 ''Chromobacterium violaceum'' infection: a clinical review of an important but neglected infection]. ''J Chin Med Assoc''. 2011;74(10):435-41. |
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Revision as of 20:13, 15 August 2019
Microbiology
- Gram-negative bacterium
- Colonies are deep purple to black due to the presence of the violacein pigment
- Found in water
Epidemiology
- Mostly tropical or subtropical areas, especially southeast Asia
- Also in southeast US, most commonly Florida
- CGD is a risk factor for opportunistic infection, as is G6PD deficiency
Clinical Presentation
- Causes wound infections following contaminated water exposure
- Always with systemic features, including fever (100%) and sepsis (82%)
- Often bacteremic (60%) and can involve visceral organs (51%), especially lung and liver
- High mortality (53%)
Differential Diagnosis for SSTI After Water Exposure
- Common bugs: Staph, Strep, polymicrobial, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli
- Uniquely marine bacteria: Aeromonas, Vibrio, Shewanella, Edwardsiella, Chromobacterium
- Others: Burkholderia pseudomallei, NTMs, some fungal infections
Management
- FQs, chloramphenicol, tetracyline, TMP-SMX, imipenem, gentamicin
Further Reading
- Chromobacterium violaceum infection: a clinical review of an important but neglected infection. J Chin Med Assoc. 2011;74(10):435-41.
