Community-acquired pneumonia: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 09:42, 16 August 2019
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
Microbiology
- Bacteria
- Typical organisms
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Group A streptococci
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Anaerobes and aerobic gram-negative bacteria
- Klebsiella pneumonia
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Acinetobacter baumannii
- Atypical organisms
- Legionella spp.
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Chlamydia pneumoniae
- Chlamydia psittaci
- Others
- Coxiella burnetti
- Typical organisms
- Viral
- Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- RSV
- Adenovirus
- Human metapneumovirus
- Middle East respiratory syndrome virus (MERS-CoV)
- Rhinovirus
- Fungi
- Cryptococcus spp.
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Coccidioides
- Clinically-important but uncommon organisms
- Legionella species
- Influenza A and B, including avian influenza A H5N1 and avian influenza A H7N9
- MERS-CoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
- Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA)
Clinical Presentation
- If effusion, consider Legionella
Investigations
- Always add Legionella testing in immunocompromised, critical illness, recent travel, significant alcohol, and consider when pleural effusion is present
