Marburg virus: Difference between revisions

From IDWiki
No edit summary
()
Line 25: Line 25:
 
*Mortality 23 to 90%
 
*Mortality 23 to 90%
   
== Diagnosis ==
+
==Diagnosis==
   
* RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
+
*RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
** Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions
+
**Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions
   
 
==Management==
 
==Management==
Line 36: Line 36:
   
 
==Prevent==
 
==Prevent==
  +
  +
=== Vaccination ===
   
 
*Vaccination is under investigation
 
*Vaccination is under investigation
  +
  +
=== Infection Prevention and Control ===
  +
  +
* Isolate patient
  +
* Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient
  +
* Limit hospital staff who have contact
   
 
[[Category:Filoviridae]]
 
[[Category:Filoviridae]]

Revision as of 09:41, 28 August 2020

Background

Microbiology

  • Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
  • Genus contains two species
    • Marburg virus
    • Ravn virus

Epidemiology

  • Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
  • Animal reservoir is fruit bat, with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
    • The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa

Clinical Manifestations

  • Incubation period 2 to 21 days
  • Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
  • Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
    • Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
    • Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
    • Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
    • Headache, confusion
  • Mortality 23 to 90%

Diagnosis

  • RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
    • Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions

Management

  • Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
  • Experimental therapies include favipiravir and monoclonal antibodies

Prevent

Vaccination

  • Vaccination is under investigation

Infection Prevention and Control

  • Isolate patient
  • Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient
  • Limit hospital staff who have contact