Gram-positive bacteria: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:50, 29 July 2020

Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall and therefore stain purple on Gram stain

Organisms

Cocci
- Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
  - Catalase-positive
    - Coagulase-positive
      - Staphylococcus aureus
    - Coagulase-negative
- Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
  - Catalase-negative
    - Streptococci
      - Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
        Streptococcus pneumoniae
        
        Viridans group streptococci
        Streptococcus anginosus
      - Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
        Group A (Streptococcus pyogenes)
        
        Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae)
        
        Group C-H
      - Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
        Streptococcus bovis (Group D)
    - Enterococci
      - Enterococcus faecalis
      - Enterococcus faecium
Bacilli
- Spore-forming
  - Anaerobic
    - Clostridioides difficile (diarrhea)
    - Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene)
    - Clostridium tetani (tetanus)
    - Clostridium botulinum (botulism)
  - Aerobic
    - Bacillis anthracis (anthrax)
    - Bacillis cereus (food poisoning)
- Non-spore-forming
  - Anaerobic
    - Cutibacterium acnes
  - Aerobic
    - Listeria monocytogenes (food poisoning) (small and motile)
    - Corynebacterium diphthereae (diphtheria)
- Weakly acid-fast
  - Nocardia
  - Actinomyces
Anaerobes

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-* Bacteria that have a '''thick peptidoglycan layer''' in the cell wall and therefore stain '''purple''' on [[Gram stain]]
+*Bacteria that have a '''thick peptidoglycan layer''' in the cell wall and therefore stain '''purple''' on [[Gram stain]]
-== Organisms ==
+==Organisms==
-* Cocci
+*Cocci
-** Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
+**Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
-*** Catalase-positive
-**** Coagulase-positive
+***Catalase-positive
+****Coagulase-positive
-***** ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''
+*****[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
-**** [[Coagulase-negative Staphylococci|Coagulase-negative]]
+****[[Coagulase-negative Staphylococci|Coagulase-negative]]
-***** ''Staphylococcus epidermidis''
-***** ''Staphylococcus saprophyticus''
+*****[[Staphylococcus epidermidis]]
-***** ''Staphylococcus lugdenensis''
+*****[[Staphylococcus saprophyticus]]
+*****[[Staphylococcus lugdunensis]]
-** Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
+**Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
-*** Catalase-negative
+***Catalase-negative
-**** Streptococci
+****Streptococci
-***** Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
+*****Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
-****** ''[[S. pneumoniae]]''
+******[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
-****** [[Viridans group streptococci|Viridans group]]
-******* Milleri group
+******[[Viridans group streptococci]]
-******** ''S. anginosus''
+*******[[Streptococcus anginosus]]
-***** Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
+*****Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
-****** Group A (''[[S. pyogenes]]'')
+******Group A ([[Streptococcus pyogenes]])
-****** Group B (''S. agalactiae'')
+******Group B ([[Streptococcus agalactiae]])
-****** Group C-H
+******Group C-H
-***** Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
+*****Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
-****** ''S. bovis''
+******[[Streptococcus bovis]] (Group D)
-**** Enterococci
+****Enterococci
-***** ''[[E. faecalis]]''
+*****[[Enterococcus faecalis]]
-***** ''[[E. faecium]]''
+*****[[Enterococcus faecium]]
-* Bacilli
+*Bacilli
-** Spore-forming
+**Spore-forming
-*** Anaerobic
+***Anaerobic
-**** ''[[Clostridioides difficile]]'' (diarrhea)
+****''[[Clostridioides difficile]]'' (diarrhea)
-**** ''[[Clostridium perfringens]]'' (gas gangrene)
+****''[[Clostridium perfringens]]'' (gas gangrene)
-**** ''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' (tetanus)
+****''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' (tetanus)
-**** ''[[Clostridium botulinum]]'' (botulism)
+****''[[Clostridium botulinum]]'' (botulism)
-*** Aerobic
+***Aerobic
-**** ''[[Bacillis anthracis]]'' (anthrax)
+****''[[Bacillis anthracis]]'' (anthrax)
-**** ''[[Bacillis cereus]]'' (food poisoning)
+****''[[Bacillis cereus]]'' (food poisoning)
-** Non-spore-forming
+**Non-spore-forming
-*** Anaerobic
+***Anaerobic
-**** ''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
+****''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
-*** Aerobic
+***Aerobic
-**** ''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' (food poisoning) (small and motile)
+****''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' (food poisoning) (small and motile)
-**** ''[[Corynebacterium diphthereae]]'' (diphtheria)
+****''[[Corynebacterium diphthereae]]'' (diphtheria)
-** Weakly acid-fast
+**Weakly acid-fast
-*** ''[[Nocardia]]''
+***''[[Nocardia]]''
-*** ''[[Actinomyces]]''
+***''[[Actinomyces]]''
-* Anaerobes
+*Anaerobes
-** ''[[Clostridium]]''
+**''[[Clostridium]]''
-** ''[[Peptostreptococcus]]''
+**''[[Peptostreptococcus]]''
-** ''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
+**''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
 [[Category:Gram-positive bacteria]]