Mycetoma: Difference between revisions
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=== Microbiology === |
=== Microbiology === |
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* Can be caused either by fungi or filamentous aerobic bacteria |
* Can be caused either by fungi or filamentous aerobic bacteria |
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| − | * Fungal species (eumycotic mycetoma): |
+ | * Fungal species ('''eumycotic mycetoma'''): |
** Dark grains: |
** Dark grains: |
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*** ''[[Madurella mycetomatis]]'' |
*** ''[[Madurella mycetomatis]]'' |
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*** ''[[Acremonium kiliense]]'' |
*** ''[[Acremonium kiliense]]'' |
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*** ''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'', ''[[Aspergillus nidulans]]'', ''[[Aspergillus hollandicus]]'' |
*** ''[[Aspergillus flavus]]'', ''[[Aspergillus nidulans]]'', ''[[Aspergillus hollandicus]]'' |
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| − | * Aerobic bacteria (actinomycotic mycetoma): |
+ | * Aerobic bacteria ('''actinomycotic mycetoma'''): |
** ''[[Nocardia brasiliensis]]'' |
** ''[[Nocardia brasiliensis]]'' |
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** ''[[Actinomadura madurae]]'' |
** ''[[Actinomadura madurae]]'' |
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Revision as of 12:14, 3 November 2019
- Chronic progressive granulomatous infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, usually affecting a single extremity
Background
Microbiology
- Can be caused either by fungi or filamentous aerobic bacteria
- Fungal species (eumycotic mycetoma):
- Dark grains:
- Pale/white grains:
- Pseudallescheria boydii (most common) (Scedosporium)
- Acremonium kiliense
- Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus hollandicus
- Aerobic bacteria (actinomycotic mycetoma):
- Nocardia brasiliensis
- Actinomadura madurae
- Streptomyces somaliensis
- Actinomadura pelletieri (grains are red to pink)
Clinical Presentation
- Clinical triad:
- Localized swelling
- Underlying sinus tract
- Grains and granules (“sulfur granules”) within the sinus tracts
Diagnosis
- Send granules in sterile container
- Gram stain a crushed granule for bacteria, then set up cultures for bacterial and fungal cultures
References
- ^ Wendy W. J. van de Sande, Ahmed H. Fahal, Michael Goodfellow, El Sheikh Mahgoub, Oliverio Welsh, Ed E. Zijlstra. Todd Reynolds. Merits and Pitfalls of Currently Used Diagnostic Tools in Mycetoma. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2014;8(7):e2918. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002918.
