Enterococcus: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
Enterococcus
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
Added Resistance section |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
== Background == |
== Background == |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
* Commensal gut flora |
* Commensal gut flora |
||
* Increasing antibiotic resistance |
* Increasing antibiotic resistance |
||
== Species == |
=== Species === |
||
* ''E. faecalis'' |
* ''E. faecalis'' |
||
** More common (90-95%) |
** More common (90-95%) |
||
| Line 19: | Line 17: | ||
** Less sensitive to antibiotics |
** Less sensitive to antibiotics |
||
** Most common VRE |
** Most common VRE |
||
=== Resistance === |
|||
* Vancomycin binds to d-Ala-d-Ala pentapeptids, interfering with cell wall synthesis |
|||
* '''VanA''': most common. Mutation to d-Ala-d-Lac, leading to high resistance to glycopeptides. |
|||
* '''VanB''': more common in ''E. faecium'' in Australia |
|||
* '''VanC''': chromosomal resistance on ''E. gallinarum'' and ''E. casseliflavus'' |
|||
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Enterococcus'' species}} |
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Enterococcus'' species}} |
||
Revision as of 12:24, 4 November 2019
Background
Microbiology
- Facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, gamma-hemolytic, Gram positive diplococci
- Commensal gut flora
- Increasing antibiotic resistance
Species
- E. faecalis
- More common (90-95%)
- More commonly genitourinary source
- More sensitive to antibiotics
- E. faecium
- Less common (5-10%)
- More commonly gastrointestinal source
- Less sensitive to antibiotics
- Most common VRE
Resistance
- Vancomycin binds to d-Ala-d-Ala pentapeptids, interfering with cell wall synthesis
- VanA: most common. Mutation to d-Ala-d-Lac, leading to high resistance to glycopeptides.
- VanB: more common in E. faecium in Australia
- VanC: chromosomal resistance on E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus
References
- ^ Carl-Johan Fraenkel, Måns Ullberg, Sverker Bernander, Evalena Ericson, Peter Larsson, Johan Rydberg, Eva Törnqvist, Åsa Melhus. In vitro activities of three carbapenems against recent bacterial isolates from severely ill patients at Swedish hospitals. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2006;38(10):853-859. doi:10.1080/00365540600684371.
- ^ 10.1093/jac/39.2.149
- ^ James H. Jorgensen, Sharon A. Crawford, Cynthia C. Kelly, Jan E. Patterson. In VitroActivity of Daptomycin against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci ofVarious Van Types and Comparison of Susceptibility TestingMethods. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2003;47(12):3760-3763. doi:10.1128/aac.47.12.3760-3763.2003.
