Aeromonas: Difference between revisions
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Aeromonas
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== Background == |
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=== Microbiology === |
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*[[Stain::Gram-negative]] [[Shape::bacillus]] |
*[[Stain::Gram-negative]] [[Shape::bacillus]] |
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*Motile, oxidase [[Oxidase::positive]], catalase [[Catalase::positive]], nitrate [[Nitrate::positive]], urease [[Urease::negative]] |
*Motile, oxidase [[Oxidase::positive]], catalase [[Catalase::positive]], nitrate [[Nitrate::positive]], urease [[Urease::negative]], glucose fermenting |
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*Four species of greatest importance to human health include [[Aeromonas caviae]], [[Aeromonas dhakensis]], [[Aeromonas veronii]], and [[Aeromonas hydrophila]] |
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*[[Aeromonas salmonicida]] causes disease in fish, with case reports in humans |
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*Resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics |
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=== Epidemiology === |
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*Live in water environments worldwide (including freshwater, saltwater, and wastewater), but also soil, plants, food, animals |
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*Generally consider opportunistic pathogens |
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== Clinical Manifestations == |
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*Also, [[gastroenteritis]] and/or [[colitis]], with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever |
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*Bacteremia, with a mortality of about 30%, more common in malignancy, hepatobiliary disease, and diabetes mellitus |
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*Also reports of respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and [[SBP]] |
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== Management == |
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*Generally susceptible to [[aminoglycosides]], [[piperacillin]], [[third-generation cephalosporins]], [[carbapenems]], [[azithromycin]], [[nitrofurantoin]], [[quinolones]], [[tetracyclines]] |
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*Often susceptible to [[cotrimoxazole]] |
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*Not reliably susceptible to penicillins (except [[piperacillin]]), [[clarithromycin]], or first- and second-generation cephalosporins |
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*Increasingly resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, with inducible chromosomal beta-lactamases |
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== Further Reading == |
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* The genus ''Aeromonas'': taxonomy, pathogenicity, and infection. ''Clin Microbiol Rev''. 2010 Jan;23(1):35-73. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00039-09 10.1128/CMR.00039-09]. PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20065325/ 20065325]; PMCID: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc2806660/ PMC2806660].{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Aeromonas''}} |
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Aeromonas'' species}} |
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[[Category:Gram-negative bacilli]] |
[[Category:Gram-negative bacilli]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:06, 7 February 2024
Background
Microbiology
- Gram-negative bacillus
- Motile, oxidase positive, catalase positive, nitrate positive, urease negative, glucose fermenting
- Four species of greatest importance to human health include Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas dhakensis, Aeromonas veronii, and Aeromonas hydrophila
- Aeromonas salmonicida causes disease in fish, with case reports in humans
Epidemiology
- Live in water environments worldwide (including freshwater, saltwater, and wastewater), but also soil, plants, food, animals
- Generally consider opportunistic pathogens
Clinical Manifestations
- Classically, causes skin and soft tissue infections following freshwater exposure or injury
- Also, gastroenteritis and/or colitis, with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever
- Bacteremia, with a mortality of about 30%, more common in malignancy, hepatobiliary disease, and diabetes mellitus
- Also reports of respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and SBP
Management
- Generally susceptible to aminoglycosides, piperacillin, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, azithromycin, nitrofurantoin, quinolones, tetracyclines
- Often susceptible to cotrimoxazole
- Not reliably susceptible to penicillins (except piperacillin), clarithromycin, or first- and second-generation cephalosporins
- Increasingly resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, with inducible chromosomal beta-lactamases
Further Reading
- The genus Aeromonas: taxonomy, pathogenicity, and infection. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010 Jan;23(1):35-73. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00039-09. PMID: 20065325; PMCID: PMC2806660.
