Norovirus: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
(→) |
m (typo) |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Background== |
==Background== |
||
=== |
===Microbiology=== |
||
*Member of the ''[[Caliciviridae]]'' family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses |
*Member of the ''[[Caliciviridae]]'' family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses |
||
===Epidemiology=== |
|||
*Most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide |
|||
*More common during winter months |
|||
*Antibodies from prior infection do not indicate immunity from future infection |
|||
==Clinical Manifestations== |
==Clinical Manifestations== |
||
*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::24 to 48 hours]] |
*Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::24 to 48 hours]] |
||
* |
*Causes [[Causes::viral gastroenteritis]], with [[Causes::nausea]] and [[Causes::vomiting]] followed by profuse [[Causes::watery diarrhea]] |
||
*Illness lasts 12 to 72 hours |
*Illness lasts 12 to 72 hours |
||
*May have low-grade fevers |
*May have low-grade fevers |
||
== Diagnosis == |
|||
* Usually diagnosed clinically |
|||
* Antigen detection with enzyme immunoassays |
|||
* Stool PCR, which has higher sensitivity and specificity |
|||
==Management== |
==Management== |
||
| Line 25: | Line 37: | ||
**No bacterial pathogen identified in stool |
**No bacterial pathogen identified in stool |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Caliciviridae]] |
||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal infections]] |
[[Category:Gastrointestinal infections]] |
||
Latest revision as of 19:19, 20 June 2023
Background
Microbiology
- Member of the Caliciviridae family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses
Epidemiology
- Most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide
- More common during winter months
- Antibodies from prior infection do not indicate immunity from future infection
Clinical Manifestations
- Incubation period of 24 to 48 hours
- Causes viral gastroenteritis, with nausea and vomiting followed by profuse watery diarrhea
- Illness lasts 12 to 72 hours
- May have low-grade fevers
Diagnosis
- Usually diagnosed clinically
- Antigen detection with enzyme immunoassays
- Stool PCR, which has higher sensitivity and specificity
Management
- Supportive care and appropriate isolation and outbreak management
Outbreak Management
Kaplan criteria
- Identify outbreaks of gastroenteritis caused by norovirus without specific viral testing1
- The criteria are:
- Vomiting in more than half of affected patients
- Mean or median incubation period between 24 and 48 hours
- Mean or median duration of illness between 12 and 60 hours
- No bacterial pathogen identified in stool
References
- ^ R. M. Turcios, M.-A. Widdowson, A. C. Sulka, P. S. Mead, R. I. Glass. Reevaluation of Epidemiological Criteria for Identifying Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis Due to Norovirus: United States, 1998-2000. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2006;42(7):964-969. doi:10.1086/500940.
