Obstructive sleep apnoea: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 18:07, 8 March 2021

Background

Definitions

Apnoea: cessation of breathing for 3+ second associated with a decrease in O2 by 3-4%

Risk Factors

Overweight/obesity
Male

Clinical Manifestations

Can risk stratify using the STOP-Bang score for OSA
History
- Loud snoring
- Witnessed apneic events while sleeping
Signs & Symptoms
- Hypertension, bradyarrhytmias, atrial fibrillation, normal oxygenation (in general)
- Retrognathia
- Large neck
- Large soft palate

Diagnosis

Polysomnography sleep study
- AHI (apnea-hypopnea index): number of apneic or hypopneic events per hour
  - Normal: AHI<5
  - Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI<15
  - Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI<30
  - Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Definition ==
+== Background ==
+===Definitions===
-* Apnoea: cessation of breathing for 3+ second associated with a decrease in O2 by 3-4%
+*Apnoea: cessation of breathing for 3+ second associated with a decrease in O2 by 3-4%
-== Etiology ==
+===Risk Factors===
-== Pathophysiology ==
+*Overweight/obesity
-== Differential Diagnosis ==
+*Male
+==Clinical Manifestations==
-== Epidemiology ==
+*Can risk stratify using the [http://www.stopbang.ca/osa/screening.php STOP-Bang score for OSA]
-== Risk Factors ==
+*History
+**Loud snoring
+**Witnessed apneic events while sleeping
+*Signs &amp; Symptoms
+**Hypertension, bradyarrhytmias, atrial fibrillation, normal oxygenation (in general)
+**Retrognathia
+**Large neck
+**Large soft palate
+==Diagnosis==
-* Overweight/obesity
-* Male
+*Polysomnography sleep study
-== Clinical Presentation ==
+**AHI (apnea-hypopnea index): number of apneic or hypopneic events per hour
+***Normal: AHI&lt;5
-* Can risk stratify using the [http://www.stopbang.ca/osa/screening.php STOP-Bang score for OSA]
+***Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI&lt;15
-* History
+***Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI&lt;30
-** Loud snoring
+***Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30
-** Witnessed apneic events while sleeping
-* Signs &amp; Symptoms
-** Hypertension, bradyarrhytmias, atrial fibrillation, normal oxygenation (in general)
-** Retrognathia
-** Large neck
-** Large soft palate
-== Investigations ==
-* Labs
-* Imaging
-* Other
-** Sleep study
-*** AHI (apnea-hypopnea index): number of apneic or hypopneic events per hour
-**** Normal: AHI&lt;5
-**** Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI&lt;15
-**** Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI&lt;30
-**** Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30
 [[Category:Respirology]]