Rickettsia: Difference between revisions
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Rickettsia
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Rickettsia'' |
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Rickettsia''}} |
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[[Category:Rickettsioses]] |
[[Category:Rickettsioses]] |
Latest revision as of 16:47, 25 January 2022
Background
- A genus of obligate mostly-tick-borne intracellular Gram-negative bacteria
Species | Disease | Vector | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
Typhus Group | |||
R. prowazekii | epidemic typhus | body louse | |
R. typhi | murine/endemic typhus | rat/cat fleas | |
Spotted Fever Group | |||
R. rickettsii | Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) | Dermacentor variabilis ticks | eastern, central, and Pacific coast of US |
Dermacentor andersoni ticks | western US | ||
Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks | Mexico and southern US | ||
Amblyomma cajennense ticks | Central and South America | ||
R. parkeri | American tick-borne fever | Amblyommma maculatum ticks | southern US |
Amblyomma triste ticks | Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina | ||
R. conorrii | Mediterranean spotted fever | Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks | |
R. japonica | Oriental spotter fever | ||
R. heilongiangensis | Far Eastern spotted fever | eastern Russia, Thailand, and China | |
R. africae | African tick bite fever | Amblyomma ticks | |
R. slovaca | tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) | Dermacentor marginatus ticks | |
Transitional Group | |||
R. akari | rickettsialpox | Liponyssoides sanguineus house mouse mites | |
R. australis | North Queensland tick typhus | ||
R. felis | flea-borne spotted fever | ||
Ancestral Group | |||
Rickettsia bellii | |||
Rickettsia canadensis | |||
Other Rickettsiae | |||
Orientia tsutsugamushi | scrub typhus | chiggers | |
Ehrlichia species | human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis | Amblyomma americanum and other ticks | |
Anaplasma species | human granulocytic anaplasmosis | Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks | |
Neorickettsia | helminths | ||
Wolbachia | helminths and arthropods |
Management
Spotted Fever Group
- Doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days
- Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d
- Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days
- But no good evidence for this
- Can use doxycycline safely for these duration in children <8 years, and is strongly indicated for rickettsioses
- May use azithromycin or clarithromycin in pregnant women
- Avoid TMP-SMX, which appears to worsen severity of disease!