Infection-associated glomerulonephritis

• Term usually reserved to an immune-mediated glomerulonephritis associated with a bacterial infection
• Rarely caused by fungi, as well

Type	Organisms	Timing	Clinical Characteristics	Laboratory Characteristics
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis or post-infectious glomerulonephritis	Streptococcus pyogenes	1-2 weeks after pharyngitis, 3-6 weeks after SSTI	abrupt onset with edema, subnephrotic proteinuria, often hypertension, more common in pediatrics	low C3, normal C4, rising ASO titres
Staphylococcus-associated glomerulonephritis	Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis	during acute infection	signs of underlying infection, AKI with microscopic hematuris and nephrotic-range proteinuria, may have rash (LCV); aggressive immunosuppression is contraindicated	low C3 in 50%, normal C4, sometimes positive ANCA with low titres
Glomerulonephritis from other infections	Gram-negative bacteria, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Acinetobacter		subacute bacterial endocarditis, shunt nephritis, indwelling central venous catheter infections, and deep-seated visceral abscesses

Investigations

• C3 and C4
• Proteinuria