Marburg virus: Difference between revisions
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==Background== |
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===Microbiology=== |
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*Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the [[Filoviridae]] family |
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*Genus contains two species |
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**Ravn virus |
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===Epidemiology=== |
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*Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases |
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*Animal reservoir is [[Reservoir::fruit bat]], with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations |
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**The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa |
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==Clinical Manifestations== |
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*Incubation period [[Usual incubation period::2 to 21 days]] |
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*Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise |
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*Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3 |
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**Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week) |
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**Chest pain, dyspnea, cough |
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**Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash |
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**Headache, confusion |
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*Mortality 23 to 90% |
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==Diagnosis== |
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*RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory |
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**Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions |
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==Management== |
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*Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially |
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*Experimental therapies include [[favipiravir]] and monoclonal antibodies |
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==Prevention== |
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===Vaccination=== |
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*Vaccination is under investigation |
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===Infection Prevention and Control=== |
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*Isolate patient |
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*Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient |
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*Limit hospital staff who have contact |
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[[Category:Filoviridae]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:41, 28 August 2020
Background
Microbiology
- Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
- Genus contains two species
- Marburg virus
- Ravn virus
Epidemiology
- Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
- Animal reservoir is fruit bat, with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
- The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa
Clinical Manifestations
- Incubation period 2 to 21 days
- Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
- Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
- Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
- Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
- Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
- Headache, confusion
- Mortality 23 to 90%
Diagnosis
- RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
- Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions
Management
- Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
- Experimental therapies include favipiravir and monoclonal antibodies
Prevention
Vaccination
- Vaccination is under investigation
Infection Prevention and Control
- Isolate patient
- Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient
- Limit hospital staff who have contact
