Marburg virus: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 13:41, 28 August 2020

Background

Microbiology

Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Filoviridae family
Genus contains two species
- Marburg virus
- Ravn virus

Epidemiology

Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
Animal reservoir is fruit bat, with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
- The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa

Clinical Manifestations

Incubation period 2 to 21 days
Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
- Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
- Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
- Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
- Headache, confusion
Mortality 23 to 90%

Diagnosis

RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
- Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions

Management

Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
Experimental therapies include favipiravir and monoclonal antibodies

Prevention

Vaccination

Vaccination is under investigation

Infection Prevention and Control

Isolate patient
Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient
Limit hospital staff who have contact

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Background==
-=== Microbiology ===
+===Microbiology===
 *Negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the [[Filoviridae]] family
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 **Ravn virus
-=== Epidemiology ===
+===Epidemiology===
-* Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
+*Rare, with 11 outbreaks since discovery in 1967, totalling 470 cases
-* Animal reservoir is [[Reservoir::fruit bat]], with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
+*Animal reservoir is [[Reservoir::fruit bat]], with a sylvian cycle that occasionally spills over into human populations
-** The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa
+**The range of the reservoir extends into Middle East, South Asia, and south Pacific, but the virus is essentially limited to subsaharan Africa
-== Clinical Manifestations ==
+==Clinical Manifestations==
-* Incubation period [[Usual incubation period::2 to 21 days]]
+*Incubation period [[Usual incubation period::2 to 21 days]]
-* Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
+*Starts with high fever, severe headache malaise
-* Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
+*Followed by multi-system involvement as early as day 3
-** Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
+**Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea (can persist for a week)
-** Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
+**Chest pain, dyspnea, cough
-** Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
+**Hypotension, edema, maculopapular rash
-** Headache, confusion
+**Headache, confusion
-* Mortality 23 to 90%
+*Mortality 23 to 90%
-== Management ==
+==Diagnosis==
+*RT-PCR at the National Microbiology Laboratory
-* Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
+**Inform microbiology lab beforehand and contact Public Health for collection instructions
-* Experimental therapies include [[favipiravir]] and monoclonal antibodies
-== Prevent ==
+==Management==
+*Good supportive care decreases mortality substantially
-* Vaccination is under investigation
+*Experimental therapies include [[favipiravir]] and monoclonal antibodies
+==Prevention==
+===Vaccination===
+*Vaccination is under investigation
+===Infection Prevention and Control===
+*Isolate patient
+*Droplet precautions and face protection within 1 meter of patient
+*Limit hospital staff who have contact
 [[Category:Filoviridae]]