Rickettsia conorii: Difference between revisions
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Rickettsia conorii
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* A tickborne rickettsial species that causes '''boutonneuse fever''', the most severe form of rickettsial spotted fever next to [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever]] |
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= Boutonneuse fever (''R. conorii'') = |
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== Background == |
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* ''Rickettsia conorii'' is a tickborne rickettsial species that causes boutonneuse fever |
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=== Microbiology === |
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* Species of ''[[Rickettsia]]'' within the spotted fever group |
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== |
=== Life Cycle === |
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* Maintained transovarially within the tick species |
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=== Epidemiology === |
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* Transmitted by ''Rhipicephalus sanguineus'' ticks |
* Transmitted by ''[[Rhipicephalus sanguineus]]'' ticks |
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* Founds in India, Pakistan, Israel, Russia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Ukraine, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Morocco, and southern Europe |
* Founds in India, Pakistan, Israel, Russia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Ukraine, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Morocco, and southern Europe |
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* More cases occur during the warm months (July through September in the Mediterranean) |
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== Clinical |
== Clinical Manifestations == |
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* Incubation period of [[Usual incubation period::7 days]] |
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* Initial symptoms include fever, myalgias, and headache |
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* Often has an eschar at the site of tick bit |
* Often has an eschar at the site of tick bit inoculation ('''"tache noir"'''), but not always |
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* Petechial rash, GI symptoms, obtundation, tachypnea, hepatomegaly, leukocytosis, coagulopathy, AKI, bilirubin elevation, AST elevation, and CK elevation |
* Petechial rash, GI symptoms, obtundation, tachypnea, hepatomegaly, leukocytosis, coagulopathy, AKI, bilirubin elevation, AST elevation, and CK elevation |
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* Procoagulant, and 10% develop DVT |
* Procoagulant, and 10% develop DVT |
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* Can present as acute pancreatitis |
* Can present as acute pancreatitis |
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* Can be quite severe with higher mortality than others in the spotted fever group |
* Can be quite severe with higher mortality than others in the spotted fever group |
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== Management == |
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* First-line: [[Is treated by::doxycycline]] 100 mg po bid for 7 days (at least 5-7 days and resolution of symptoms for 3 days) |
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** May be able to shorten to a single day of two doses of 200 mg each in one small study |
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** Could use [[Is treated by::minocycline]] |
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* [[Is treated by::Ciprofloxacin]] is associated with a more severe course and should be avoided |
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* [[Is treated by::Azithromycin]] or [[Is treated by::clarithromycin]] may be considered in pregnant women or children |
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Rickettsia conorii''}} |
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[[Category:Rickettsioses]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:49, 5 August 2020
- A tickborne rickettsial species that causes boutonneuse fever, the most severe form of rickettsial spotted fever next to Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Also known as Marseilles fever, Mediterranean spotted fever, Kenya tick typhus, Israeli tick typhus, Astrakhan spotted fever, and Indian tick typhus
Background
Microbiology
- Species of Rickettsia within the spotted fever group
Life Cycle
- Maintained transovarially within the tick species
Epidemiology
- Transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks
- Founds in India, Pakistan, Israel, Russia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Ukraine, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Morocco, and southern Europe
- More cases occur during the warm months (July through September in the Mediterranean)
Clinical Manifestations
- Incubation period of 7 days
- Initial symptoms include fever, myalgias, and headache
- Often has an eschar at the site of tick bit inoculation ("tache noir"), but not always
- Petechial rash, GI symptoms, obtundation, tachypnea, hepatomegaly, leukocytosis, coagulopathy, AKI, bilirubin elevation, AST elevation, and CK elevation
- Procoagulant, and 10% develop DVT
- Can present as acute pancreatitis
- Can be quite severe with higher mortality than others in the spotted fever group
Management
- First-line: doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 days (at least 5-7 days and resolution of symptoms for 3 days)
- May be able to shorten to a single day of two doses of 200 mg each in one small study
- Could use minocycline
- Ciprofloxacin is associated with a more severe course and should be avoided
- Azithromycin or clarithromycin may be considered in pregnant women or children
