Gram-positive bacteria: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:50, 29 July 2020

Bacteria that have a thick peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall and therefore stain purple on Gram stain

Organisms

Cocci
- Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
  - Catalase-positive
    - Coagulase-positive
      - Staphylococcus aureus
    - Coagulase-negative
- Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
  - Catalase-negative
    - Streptococci
      - Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
        Streptococcus pneumoniae
        
        Viridans group streptococci
        Streptococcus anginosus
      - Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
        Group A (Streptococcus pyogenes)
        
        Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae)
        
        Group C-H
      - Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
        Streptococcus bovis (Group D)
    - Enterococci
      - Enterococcus faecalis
      - Enterococcus faecium
Bacilli
- Spore-forming
  - Anaerobic
    - Clostridioides difficile (diarrhea)
    - Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene)
    - Clostridium tetani (tetanus)
    - Clostridium botulinum (botulism)
  - Aerobic
    - Bacillis anthracis (anthrax)
    - Bacillis cereus (food poisoning)
- Non-spore-forming
  - Anaerobic
    - Cutibacterium acnes
  - Aerobic
    - Listeria monocytogenes (food poisoning) (small and motile)
    - Corynebacterium diphthereae (diphtheria)
- Weakly acid-fast
  - Nocardia
  - Actinomyces
Anaerobes

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+*Bacteria that have a '''thick peptidoglycan layer''' in the cell wall and therefore stain '''purple''' on [[Gram stain]]
-* Cocci
-** Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
+==Organisms==
-*** Catalase-positive
-**** Coagulase-positive
+*Cocci
-***** ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''
+**Clusters/groups (staphylococcal species)
-**** [[Coagulase-negative Staphylococci|Coagulase-negative]]
+***Catalase-positive
-***** ''Staphylococcus epidermidis''
+****Coagulase-positive
-***** ''Staphylococcus saprophyticus''
-***** ''Staphylococcus lugdenensis''
+*****[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
+****[[Coagulase-negative Staphylococci|Coagulase-negative]]
-** Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
+*****[[Staphylococcus epidermidis]]
-*** Catalase-negative
+*****[[Staphylococcus saprophyticus]]
-**** Streptococci
+*****[[Staphylococcus lugdunensis]]
-***** Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
+**Chains/pairs (streptococcal and enterococcal species)
-****** ''[[S. pneumoniae]]''
+***Catalase-negative
-****** [[Viridans group Streptococci|Viridans group]]
+****Streptococci
-******* Milleri group
+*****Alpha-hemolytic: partial hemolysis
-******** ''S. anginosus''
+******[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]
-***** Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
-****** Group A (''[[S. pyogenes]]'')
+******[[Viridans group streptococci]]
+*******[[Streptococcus anginosus]]
-****** Group B (''S. agalactiae'')
+*****Beta-hemolytic: complete hemolysis
-****** Group C-H
+******Group A ([[Streptococcus pyogenes]])
-***** Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
+******Group B ([[Streptococcus agalactiae]])
-****** ''S. bovis''
-**** Enterococci
+******Group C-H
+*****Gamma-hemolytic: no hemolysis
-***** ''[[E. faecalis]]''
-***** ''[[E. faecium]]''
+******[[Streptococcus bovis]] (Group D)
+****Enterococci
-* Bacilli
+*****[[Enterococcus faecalis]]
-** Spore-forming
+*****[[Enterococcus faecium]]
-*** Anaerobic
+*Bacilli
-**** ''[[Clostridium difficile]]'' (diarrhea)
+**Spore-forming
-**** ''[[Clostridium perfringens]]'' (gas gangrene)
+***Anaerobic
-**** ''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' (tetanus)
-**** ''[[Clostridium botulinum]]'' (botulism)
+****''[[Clostridioides difficile]]'' (diarrhea)
+****''[[Clostridium perfringens]]'' (gas gangrene)
-*** Aerobic
-**** ''[[Bacillis anthracis]]'' (anthrax)
+****''[[Clostridium tetani]]'' (tetanus)
-**** ''[[Bacillis cereus]]'' (food poisoning)
+****''[[Clostridium botulinum]]'' (botulism)
+***Aerobic
-** Non-spore-forming
+****''[[Bacillis anthracis]]'' (anthrax)
-*** Anaerobic
-**** ''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
+****''[[Bacillis cereus]]'' (food poisoning)
+**Non-spore-forming
-*** Aerobic
+***Anaerobic
-**** ''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' (food poisoning) (small and motile)
-**** ''[[Corynebacterium diphthereae]]'' (diphtheria)
+****''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
+***Aerobic
-** Weakly acid-fast
+****''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' (food poisoning) (small and motile)
-*** ''[[Nocardia]]''
-*** ''[[Actinomyces]]''
+****''[[Corynebacterium diphthereae]]'' (diphtheria)
+**Weakly acid-fast
-* Anaerobes
-** ''[[Clostridium]]''
+***''[[Nocardia]]''
-** ''[[Peptostreptococcus]]''
+***''[[Actinomyces]]''
+*Anaerobes
-** ''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
+**''[[Clostridium]]''
+**''[[Peptostreptococcus]]''
+**''[[Cutibacterium acnes]]''
 [[Category:Gram-positive bacteria]]