Prosthetic joint infection: Difference between revisions
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[[Category:Bone and joint infections]] |
[[Category:Bone and joint infections]] |
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[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
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== Background == |
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=== Microbiology === |
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* Hip and knee |
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** Early (<3 months): [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (38%), aerobic [[Gram-negative bacilli]] (24%), [[coagulase-negative staphylococci]] (22%), [[Enterococcus species]] (10%), and [[Streptococcus species]] (4%), [[anaerobes]] including [[Cutibacterium acnes]] (3%), culture-negative (10%); 31% are polymicrobial |
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** Overall: [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (27%), [[coagulase-negative staphylococci]] (27%), aerobic [[Gram-negative bacilli]] (9%), [[Streptococcus species]] (8%), [[anaerobes]] including [[Cutibacterium acnes]] (4%), [[Enterococcus species]] (3%), culture-negative (14%); 15% are polymicrobial |
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* Shoulder: [[coagulase-negative staphylococci]] (42%), [[Cutibacterium acnes]] (24%), [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (18%), aerobic [[Gram-negative bacilli]] (10%), others, culture-negative (15%); polymicrobial in 16% |
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* Elbow: [[Staphylococcus aureus]] (42%), [[coagulase-negative staphylococci]] (41%), others, culture-negative (5%); polymicrobial in 3% |
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=== Epidemiology === |
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* Complicates about 2% of [[arthroplasty]] |
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=== Pathophysiology === |
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* Bacteria grown on the prosthesis in a biofilm, making it resistant to medical management |
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== Further Reading == |
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* Prosthetic Joint Infection. ''Clin Micro Rev''. 2014;27(2):302-345. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00111-13 10.1128/CMR.00111-13] |
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Revision as of 23:52, 8 July 2020
Background
Microbiology
- Hip and knee
- Early (<3 months): Staphylococcus aureus (38%), aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (24%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (22%), Enterococcus species (10%), and Streptococcus species (4%), anaerobes including Cutibacterium acnes (3%), culture-negative (10%); 31% are polymicrobial
- Overall: Staphylococcus aureus (27%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (27%), aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (9%), Streptococcus species (8%), anaerobes including Cutibacterium acnes (4%), Enterococcus species (3%), culture-negative (14%); 15% are polymicrobial
- Shoulder: coagulase-negative staphylococci (42%), Cutibacterium acnes (24%), Staphylococcus aureus (18%), aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (10%), others, culture-negative (15%); polymicrobial in 16%
- Elbow: Staphylococcus aureus (42%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (41%), others, culture-negative (5%); polymicrobial in 3%
Epidemiology
- Complicates about 2% of arthroplasty
Pathophysiology
- Bacteria grown on the prosthesis in a biofilm, making it resistant to medical management
Further Reading
- Prosthetic Joint Infection. Clin Micro Rev. 2014;27(2):302-345. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00111-13
References
- ^ Louis Bernard, Cédric Arvieux, Benoit Brunschweiler, Sophie Touchais, Séverine Ansart, Jean-Pierre Bru, Eric Oziol, Cyril Boeri, Guillaume Gras, Jérôme Druon, Philippe Rosset, Eric Senneville, Houcine Bentayeb, Damien Bouhour, Gwenaël Le Moal, Jocelyn Michon, Hugues Aumaître, Emmanuel Forestier, Jean-Michel Laffosse, Thierry Begué, Catherine Chirouze, Fréderic-Antoine Dauchy, Edouard Devaud, Benoît Martha, Denis Burgot, David Boutoille, Eric Stindel, Aurélien Dinh, Pascale Bemer, Bruno Giraudeau, Bertrand Issartel, Agnès Caille. Antibiotic Therapy for 6 or 12 Weeks for Prosthetic Joint Infection. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021;384(21):1991-2001. doi:10.1056/nejmoa2020198.
- ^ Werner Zimmerli, Parham Sendi. Role of Rifampin against Staphylococcal Biofilm InfectionsIn Vitro, in Animal Models, and in Orthopedic-Device-Related Infections. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2018;63(2):e01746-18. doi:10.1128/aac.01746-18.
- ^ James B. Doub, Emily L. Heil, Afua Ntem-Mensah, Renaldo Neeley, Patrick R. Ching. Rifabutin Use in Staphylococcus Biofilm Infections: A Case Series. Antibiotics. 2020;9(6):326. doi:10.3390/antibiotics9060326.
