Rickettsia: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:56, 30 June 2020

Species	Disease	Vector	Distribution
Typhus Group
R. prowazekii	epidemic typhus	body louse
R. typhi	murine/endemic typhus	rat/cat fleas
Spotted Fever Group
R. rickettsii	Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)	Dermacentor variabilis and Dermacentor andersoni ticks
R. parkeri	American tick-borne fever	Amblyommma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick) in the southern US, and Amblyomma triste in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina	North and South America
R. conorrii	Mediterranean spotted fever	Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks
R. japonica	Oriental spotter fever
R. heilongiangensis	Far Eastern spotted fever		eastern Russia, Thailand, and China
R. africae	African tick bite fever	Amblyomma ticks
R. slovaca	tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA)	Dermacentor marginatus ticks
Transitional Group
R. akari	rickettsialpox	Liponyssoides sanguineus house mouse mites
R. australis	North Queensland tick typhus
R. felis	flea-borne spotted fever
Ancestral Group
Rickettsia bellii
Rickettsia canadensis
Other Rickettsiae
Orientia tsutsugamushi	scrub typhus	chiggers
Ehrlichia species	human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis	Amblyomma americanum and other ticks
Anaplasma species	human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks
Neorickettsia		helminths
Wolbachia		helminths and arthropods

Doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days
- Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d
- Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days
  - But no good evidence for this
Can use doxycycline safely for these duration in children <8 years, and is strongly indicated for rickettsioses
May use azithromycin or clarithromycin in pregnant women
Avoid TMP-SMX, which appears to worsen severity of disease!

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 ! Distribution
 |-
-! colspan=3 | Typhus Group
+! colspan=4 | Typhus Group
 |-
 | ''[[R. prowazekii]]'' || epidemic typhus || body louse ||
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 | ''[[R. typhi]]'' || murine/endemic typhus || rat/cat fleas ||
 |-
-! colspan=3 | Spotted Fever Group
+! colspan=4 | Spotted Fever Group
 |-
 | ''[[R. rickettsii]]'' || Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) || ''[[Dermacentor variabilis]]'' and ''[[Dermacentor andersoni]]'' ticks ||
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 | ''[[R. felis]]'' || flea-borne spotted fever || ||
 |-
-! colspan=3 | Ancestral Group
+! colspan=4 | Ancestral Group
 |-
 | ''[[Rickettsia bellii]]'' || || ||
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 | ''[[Rickettsia canadensis]]'' || || ||
 |-
-! colspan=3 | Other Rickettsiae
+! colspan=4 | Other Rickettsiae
 |-
 | ''[[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]'' || scrub typhus || chiggers ||