Rickettsia: Difference between revisions
From IDWiki
Rickettsia
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! Disease |
! Disease |
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! Vector |
! Vector |
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! Distribution |
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! colspan=3 | Typhus Group |
! colspan=3 | Typhus Group |
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| ''[[R. prowazekii]]'' || epidemic typhus || body louse |
| ''[[R. prowazekii]]'' || epidemic typhus || body louse || |
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| ''[[R. typhi]]'' || murine/endemic typhus || rat/cat fleas |
| ''[[R. typhi]]'' || murine/endemic typhus || rat/cat fleas || |
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! colspan=3 | Spotted Fever Group |
! colspan=3 | Spotted Fever Group |
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| ''[[R. rickettsii]]'' || Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) || ''[[Dermacentor variabilis]]'' and ''[[Dermacentor andersoni]]'' ticks |
| ''[[R. rickettsii]]'' || Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) || ''[[Dermacentor variabilis]]'' and ''[[Dermacentor andersoni]]'' ticks || |
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| ''[[R. parkeri]]'' || American tick-borne fever || ''[[Amblyommma maculatum]]'' (Gulf Coast tick) in the southern US, and ''[[Amblyomma triste]]'' in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina |
| ''[[R. parkeri]]'' || American tick-borne fever || ''[[Amblyommma maculatum]]'' (Gulf Coast tick) in the southern US, and ''[[Amblyomma triste]]'' in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina || North and South America |
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| ''[[R. conorii]]'' || Mediterranean spotted fever || ''[[Rhipicephalus sanguineus]]'' ticks |
| ''[[R. conorii]]'' || Mediterranean spotted fever || ''[[Rhipicephalus sanguineus]]'' ticks || |
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| ''[[R. japonica]]'' || Oriental spotter fever || |
| ''[[R. japonica]]'' || Oriental spotter fever || || |
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| ''[[R. heilongiangensis]]'' || Far Eastern spotted fever |
| ''[[R. heilongiangensis]]'' || Far Eastern spotted fever || || eastern Russia, Thailand, and China |
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| ''[[R. africae]]'' || African tick bite fever || ''[[Amblyomma]]'' ticks |
| ''[[R. africae]]'' || African tick bite fever || ''[[Amblyomma]]'' ticks || |
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| ''[[R. slovaca]]'' || tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) || ''[[Dermacentor marginatus]]'' ticks |
| ''[[R. slovaca]]'' || tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) || ''[[Dermacentor marginatus]]'' ticks || |
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! colspan=3 | Transitional Group |
! colspan=3 | Transitional Group |
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| ''[[R. akari]]'' || rickettsialpox || ''[[Liponyssoides sanguineus]]'' house mouse mites |
| ''[[R. akari]]'' || rickettsialpox || ''[[Liponyssoides sanguineus]]'' house mouse mites || |
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| ''[[R. australis]]'' || North Queensland tick typhus || |
| ''[[R. australis]]'' || North Queensland tick typhus || || |
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| ''[[R. felis]]'' || flea-borne spotted fever || |
| ''[[R. felis]]'' || flea-borne spotted fever || || |
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! colspan=3 | Ancestral Group |
! colspan=3 | Ancestral Group |
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| ''[[Rickettsia bellii]]'' || || |
| ''[[Rickettsia bellii]]'' || || || |
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| ''[[Rickettsia canadensis]]'' || || |
| ''[[Rickettsia canadensis]]'' || || || |
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! colspan=3 | Other Rickettsiae |
! colspan=3 | Other Rickettsiae |
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| ''[[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]'' || scrub typhus || chiggers |
| ''[[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]'' || scrub typhus || chiggers || |
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| ''[[Ehrlichia]]'' species || human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis || ''[[Amblyomma americanum]]'' and other ticks |
| ''[[Ehrlichia]]'' species || human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis || ''[[Amblyomma americanum]]'' and other ticks || |
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| ''[[Anaplasma]]'' species || human granulocytic anaplasmosis || ''[[Ixodes scapularis]]'' and ''[[Ixodes pacificus]]'' ticks |
| ''[[Anaplasma]]'' species || human granulocytic anaplasmosis || ''[[Ixodes scapularis]]'' and ''[[Ixodes pacificus]]'' ticks || |
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| ''[[Neorickettsia]]'' || || helminths |
| ''[[Neorickettsia]]'' || || helminths || |
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| ''[[Wolbachia]]'' || || helminths and arthropods |
| ''[[Wolbachia]]'' || || helminths and arthropods || |
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Revision as of 18:55, 30 June 2020
Background
- A genus of obligate mostly-tick-borne intracellular Gram-negative bacteria
| Species | Disease | Vector | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Typhus Group | |||
| R. prowazekii | epidemic typhus | body louse | |
| R. typhi | murine/endemic typhus | rat/cat fleas | |
| Spotted Fever Group | |||
| R. rickettsii | Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) | Dermacentor variabilis and Dermacentor andersoni ticks | |
| R. parkeri | American tick-borne fever | Amblyommma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick) in the southern US, and Amblyomma triste in Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina | North and South America |
| R. conorrii | Mediterranean spotted fever | Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks | |
| R. japonica | Oriental spotter fever | ||
| R. heilongiangensis | Far Eastern spotted fever | eastern Russia, Thailand, and China | |
| R. africae | African tick bite fever | Amblyomma ticks | |
| R. slovaca | tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) | Dermacentor marginatus ticks | |
| Transitional Group | |||
| R. akari | rickettsialpox | Liponyssoides sanguineus house mouse mites | |
| R. australis | North Queensland tick typhus | ||
| R. felis | flea-borne spotted fever | ||
| Ancestral Group | |||
| Rickettsia bellii | |||
| Rickettsia canadensis | |||
| Other Rickettsiae | |||
| Orientia tsutsugamushi | scrub typhus | chiggers | |
| Ehrlichia species | human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis | Amblyomma americanum and other ticks | |
| Anaplasma species | human granulocytic anaplasmosis | Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus ticks | |
| Neorickettsia | helminths | ||
| Wolbachia | helminths and arthropods | ||
Management
Spotted Fever Group
- Doxycycline 100 mg po bid for 7 to 10 days
- Alternatively: tetracycline 2 g/day or chloramphenicol 2 g/d
- Alternatively: ciprofloxacin 750 mg po bid for 5 to 7 days
- But no good evidence for this
- Can use doxycycline safely for these duration in children <8 years, and is strongly indicated for rickettsioses
- May use azithromycin or clarithromycin in pregnant women
- Avoid TMP-SMX, which appears to worsen severity of disease!
