Obligate anaerobes: Difference between revisions
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*** ''Actinomyces'' spp.: ''A. israelii'', ''A. naestundii'', ''A. viscosus'', ''A. odontolyticus'', ''A. meyerii'' |
*** ''Actinomyces'' spp.: ''A. israelii'', ''A. naestundii'', ''A. viscosus'', ''A. odontolyticus'', ''A. meyerii'' |
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== Management == |
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* [[Is treated by::Ampicillin]] or [[Is treated by::penicillin]] (for Gram-positive anaerobes), beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, [[Is treated by::cephalomycins]], [[Is treated by::carbapenems]], [[Is treated by::clindamycin]] (though increasing resistance), [[Is treated by::metronidazole]], [[Is treated by::moxifloxacin]], [[Is treated by::tetracycline]] |
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== Further Reading == |
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* Brook I. Spectrum and treatment of anaerobic infections. ''J Infect Chemother'' (2015). doi: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010] |
* Brook I. Spectrum and treatment of anaerobic infections. ''J Infect Chemother'' (2015). doi: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010] |
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Revision as of 21:27, 19 January 2020
Microbiology
- Colonizes skin and mucosal surfaces
- Difficult to grow
Organisms
- Gram-negative
- Bacilli
- Bacteroides spp.
- B. fragilis group: B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. distasonis, B. vulgatus, B. ovatus, B. uniformis
- Other Bacteroides spp.: B. gracilis, B. ureolyticus, Bilophila wadsworthia, Sutterella spp
- Prevotella spp.
- Pigmented: P. melaninogenica, P. intermedia, P. denticola, P. loescheii, P. corporis, P. nigrescens
- Non-pigmented: P. oris, P. buccae, P. oralis group (P. oralis, P. buccalis, P. veroralis), P. bivia, P. disiens
- Porphyromonas spp.: P. asaccharolytica, P. gingivalis, P. endodontalis
- Fusobacterium spp.: F. nucleatum, F. necrophorum, F. gonidiaformans, F. naviforme, F. mortiferum, F. verium
- Bilophila spp.
- Sutterella spp.
- Bacteroides spp.
- Cocci
- Veillonella spp.
- Bacilli
- Gram-positive
- Cocci
- Peptostreptococcus spp.: P. magnus, P. asaccharolyticus, P. prevotii, P. intermedius, P. anaerobius, P. micros
- Bacilli (spore-forming)
- Clostridium spp.: C. perfringens, C. ramosum, C. septicum, C. novyi, C. histolytica, C. sporogenes, C. difficile, C. bifermentans, C. butyricum, C. innocuum, C. sordellii, C. botulinum, C. tetani
- Bacilli (non-spore-forming)
- Propionibacterium spp.: P. acnes, P. propionicum, P. granulosum
- Eubacterium tentum
- Bifidobacterium spp.: B. eriksonii, B. dentium
- Actinomyces spp.: A. israelii, A. naestundii, A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus, A. meyerii
- Cocci
Management
- Ampicillin or penicillin (for Gram-positive anaerobes), beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, cephalomycins, carbapenems, clindamycin (though increasing resistance), metronidazole, moxifloxacin, tetracycline
Further Reading
- Brook I. Spectrum and treatment of anaerobic infections. J Infect Chemother (2015). doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010
