Helminths

• Flatworms (platyhelminths)
  • Flukes (trematodes)
    • Schistosoma spp. (blood flukes)
    • Clonorchis (liver fluke)
    • Paragonimus (lung fluke)
    • Fasciola hepatica (intestinal fluke)
  • Tapeworms (cestodes)
    • Intestinal tapeworms
      • Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)
      • Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm)
      • Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm)
      • Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)
    • Larval tapeworms
      • Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid worm)
      • Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar hydatid disease)
      • Cysticercus (larvareal Taenia solium)
• Roundworms (nematodes)
  • Intestinal roundworms
    • Ascaris lumbricoides (great roundworm)
    • Necator americanus (New World hookworm)
    • Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World hookworm)
    • Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
    • Trichuris trichuria (whipworm)
    • Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)
  • Tissue roundworms
    • Onchocerca volvulus (river blindness)
    • Loa loa (eye worm)
    • Wucheria bancrofti (lymphatic filariasis)
    • Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm)
    • Trichinella spiralis (pork worm)
    • Ancylostoma braziliense and other spp. (cutaneous larva migrans, creeping eruption)
    • Toxocara canis and Toxocara cani (visceral larva migrans)
    • Baylisascaris procyonis

Investigations

• Eosinophilia seen in tissue-invasive worms, not in those that live in the gut or in cystic structures