Corynebacterium: Difference between revisions

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Corynebacterium
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* Genus of Gram-positive bacilli
*Genus of [[Stain::Gram-positive]] club-shaped [[Shape::bacillus|bacilli]] that form characteristic "Chinese letter" patterns on stain
* Includes:
** [[Corynebacterium striatum]]
** [[Corynebacterium jeikeium]]
** [[Corynebacterium diphtheriae]]
** [[Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis]]
** [[Corynebacterium amycolatum]]
** [[Corynebacterium urealyticum]]


{| class="wikitable"
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Corynebacterium'' species}}
!Species
!Diseases
!Resistance
|-
! colspan="3" |''Corynebacterium'' Species
|-
|[[Corynebacterium afermentans]] subsp. ''afermentans''
|[[CLABSI]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium amycolatum]]
|[[healthcare-associated pneumonia]], [[CLABSI]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[prosthetic valve endocarditis]], [[skin and soft tissue infection]], [[surgical site infection]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium confusum]]
|[[skin and soft tissue infection]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium diphtheriae]]
|[[diphtheria]], [[myocarditis]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum]]
|[[genitourinary infection]], [[chronic prostatitis]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium jeikeium]]
|[[ventricular shunt infection]], nosocomial [[meningitis]], [[CLABSI]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[prosthetic valve endocarditis]], [[surgical site infection]], [[prosthetic joint infection]], [[CAPD]] [[peritonitis]]
|mostly resistant to beta lactams, macrolides, and aminoglycosides
|-
|[[Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii]]
|breast [[abscess]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium macginleyi]]
|[[conjunctivitis]], [[keratitis]], [[CLABSI]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium minutissimum]]
|[[skin and soft tissue infection]], breast [[abscess]], [[CLABSI]], [[surgical site infection]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium propinquum]]
|[[conjunctivitis]], [[keratitis]], [[native valve endocarditis]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum]]
|[[conjunctivitis]], [[keratitis]], [[pharyngitis]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[healthcare-associated pneumonia]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis]]
|[[lymphadenitis]], [[skin and soft tissue infection]]
|may exhibit erm-mediated resistance to [[clindamycin]] and [[macrolides]]
|-
|[[Corynebacterium riegelii]]
|[[genitourinary infection]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium striatum]]
|[[native joint infection]], [[healthcare-associated pneumonia]], [[CLABSI]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[prosthetic valve endocarditis]], [[surgical site infection]]
|may exhibit erm-mediated resistance to [[clindamycin]] and [[macrolides]]
|-
|[[Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum]]
|breast [[abscess]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium ulcerans]]
|[[diphtheria]], [[pharyngitis]], [[skin and soft tissue infection]]
|
|-
|[[Corynebacterium urealyticum]]
|[[healthcare-associated pneumonia]], [[CLABSI]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[skin and soft tissue infection]], [[surgical site infection]], [[UTI]], [[CAPD]] [[peritonitis]]
|mostly resistant to beta lactams, macrolides, and aminoglycosides
|-
! colspan="3" |Other Coryneform Bacteria
|-
|[[Arcanobacterium haemolyticum]]
|[[pharyngitis]], [[peritonsillar abscess]], [[odontogenic infection]], [[skin and soft tissue infection]], [[native valve endocarditis]]
|
|-
|[[Brevibacterium]]
|nosocomial [[meningitis]], [[CAPD]] [[peritonitis]]
|
|-
|[[Brevibacterium casei]]
|[[CLABSI]], [[prosthetic valve endocarditis]]
|
|-
|[[Cellulosimicrobium]]
|
|
|-
|[[Dermabacter]]
|[[CAPD]] [[peritonitis]]
|
|-
|[[Microbacterium]]
|[[CLABSI]]
|
|-
|[[Oerskovia]]
|[[CLABSI]]
|
|-
|[[Rothia dentocariosa]]
|[[odontogenic infection]], [[native valve endocarditis]], [[CAPD]] [[peritonitis]]
|
|-
|[[Trueperella bernardiae]]
|[[CLABSI]]
|
|-
|[[Trueperella pyogenes]]
|[[skin and soft tissue infection]], [[CLABSI]]
|
|}

== Management ==

* The only reliable treatment options are [[vancomycin]], [[daptomycin]], and [[linezolid]][[CiteRef::neemuchwala2018in]]
** [[Tetracycline]] and [[TMP-SMX]] are sometimes options depending on the species and isolate
** See also [[CiteRef::neemuchwala2018in]] for a recent summary of susceptibilities in Ontario
{| class="wikitable"
|+Susceptibilities (in %) in Ontario 2011-2016[[CiteRef::neemuchwala2018]]
!Species
!PEN
!ERY
!CLI
!CIP
!MXF
!TET
!VAN
!SXT
!RIF
!Q-D
!LZD
!GEN
!DAP
|-
|''Corynebacterium'' spp.
|15
|15
|9
|27
|28
|64
|100
|38
|91
|93
|100
|93
|98
|-
|[[Corynebacterium striatum]]
|0.1
|15
|5
|5
|5
|35
|100
|12
|86
|99
|100
|93
|98
|-
|[[Corynebacterium amycolatum]]
|11
|16
|21
|27
|27
|86
|100
|67
|98
|100
|100
|93
|100
|-
|[[Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum]]/[[Corynebacterium propinquum]]
|96
|21
|21
|79
|79
|99
|100
|88
|100
|100
|100
|100
|100
|-
|[[Corynebacterium afermentans]] subsp. afermentans
|1
|0
|0
|30
|32
|88
|100
|55
|94
|52
|100
|99
|98
|-
|[[Corynebacterium jeikeium]]
|0
|12
|3
|36
|36
|92
|100
|18
|97
|90
|100
|82
|90
|-
|[[Corynebacterium minutissimum]]
|4
|20
|1
|55
|62
|92
|100
|62
|96
|93
|99
|97
|92
|-
|[[Corynebacterium coyleae]]
|2
|4
|4
|28
|29
|93
|100
|48
|91
|43
|100
|100
|93
|-
|[[Corynebacterium urealyticum]]
|4
|2
|4
|4
|4
|92
|100
|2
|92
|100
|100
|56
|100
|-
|[[Corynebacterium aurimucosum]]
|6
|12
|0
|43
|43
|90
|100
|63
|100
|92
|100
|100
|98
|}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Corynebacterium''}}
[[Category:Gram-positive bacilli]]
[[Category:Gram-positive bacilli]]

Latest revision as of 02:15, 14 November 2024

  • Genus of Gram-positive club-shaped bacilli that form characteristic "Chinese letter" patterns on stain
Species Diseases Resistance
Corynebacterium Species
Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. afermentans CLABSI
Corynebacterium amycolatum healthcare-associated pneumonia, CLABSI, native valve endocarditis, prosthetic valve endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infection, surgical site infection
Corynebacterium confusum skin and soft tissue infection
Corynebacterium diphtheriae diphtheria, myocarditis
Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum genitourinary infection, chronic prostatitis
Corynebacterium jeikeium ventricular shunt infection, nosocomial meningitis, CLABSI, native valve endocarditis, prosthetic valve endocarditis, surgical site infection, prosthetic joint infection, CAPD peritonitis mostly resistant to beta lactams, macrolides, and aminoglycosides
Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii breast abscess
Corynebacterium macginleyi conjunctivitis, keratitis, CLABSI
Corynebacterium minutissimum skin and soft tissue infection, breast abscess, CLABSI, surgical site infection
Corynebacterium propinquum conjunctivitis, keratitis, native valve endocarditis
Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum conjunctivitis, keratitis, pharyngitis, native valve endocarditis, healthcare-associated pneumonia
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infection may exhibit erm-mediated resistance to clindamycin and macrolides
Corynebacterium riegelii genitourinary infection
Corynebacterium striatum native joint infection, healthcare-associated pneumonia, CLABSI, native valve endocarditis, prosthetic valve endocarditis, surgical site infection may exhibit erm-mediated resistance to clindamycin and macrolides
Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum breast abscess
Corynebacterium ulcerans diphtheria, pharyngitis, skin and soft tissue infection
Corynebacterium urealyticum healthcare-associated pneumonia, CLABSI, native valve endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infection, surgical site infection, UTI, CAPD peritonitis mostly resistant to beta lactams, macrolides, and aminoglycosides
Other Coryneform Bacteria
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum pharyngitis, peritonsillar abscess, odontogenic infection, skin and soft tissue infection, native valve endocarditis
Brevibacterium nosocomial meningitis, CAPD peritonitis
Brevibacterium casei CLABSI, prosthetic valve endocarditis
Cellulosimicrobium
Dermabacter CAPD peritonitis
Microbacterium CLABSI
Oerskovia CLABSI
Rothia dentocariosa odontogenic infection, native valve endocarditis, CAPD peritonitis
Trueperella bernardiae CLABSI
Trueperella pyogenes skin and soft tissue infection, CLABSI

Management

Susceptibilities (in %) in Ontario 2011-20162
Species PEN ERY CLI CIP MXF TET VAN SXT RIF Q-D LZD GEN DAP
Corynebacterium spp. 15 15 9 27 28 64 100 38 91 93 100 93 98
Corynebacterium striatum 0.1 15 5 5 5 35 100 12 86 99 100 93 98
Corynebacterium amycolatum 11 16 21 27 27 86 100 67 98 100 100 93 100
Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum/Corynebacterium propinquum 96 21 21 79 79 99 100 88 100 100 100 100 100
Corynebacterium afermentans subsp. afermentans 1 0 0 30 32 88 100 55 94 52 100 99 98
Corynebacterium jeikeium 0 12 3 36 36 92 100 18 97 90 100 82 90
Corynebacterium minutissimum 4 20 1 55 62 92 100 62 96 93 99 97 92
Corynebacterium coyleae 2 4 4 28 29 93 100 48 91 43 100 100 93
Corynebacterium urealyticum 4 2 4 4 4 92 100 2 92 100 100 56 100
Corynebacterium aurimucosum 6 12 0 43 43 90 100 63 100 92 100 100 98

References

  1. ^ neemuchwala2018in 

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