Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Difference between revisions
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+ | ==Background== |
| − | * |
+ | *Two main forms: |
| − | ** |
+ | **'''Unmasking''': an underlying, previously undiagnosed infection becomes clinically apparent following immune reconstitution |
| − | ** |
+ | **'''Paradoxical''': a diagnosed and treated infection worsens following immune reconstitution |
| − | === |
+ | === Microbiology === |
| + | * Mycobacteria |
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| + | ** [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] |
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| + | ** [[Mycobacterium avium complex]] |
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| + | * Fungi |
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| + | ** [[Cryptococcus neoformans]] |
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| + | * Viruses |
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| + | ** [[Cytomegalovirus]] |
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| + | ** [[Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus]] |
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| + | |||
| + | ===Risk Factors=== |
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| + | == Clinical Manifestations == |
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| + | * Varies by underlying infection |
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| + | * Onset usually a month following starting antiretrovirals, but can be up to a year |
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| + | ** Mostly within 4 to 8 weeks of starting or changing ART, but with a range from 3 days to several months (or in case reports up to years) |
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| + | == Further Reading == |
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| + | * Central Nervous System Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. ''Curr Infect Dis Rep''. 2013;15(6). doi: [[/doi.org/10.1007/s11908-013-0378-5|10.1007/s11908-013-0378-5]] |
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| + | ** Provides an overview of CNS-related IRIS syndromes. |
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[[Category:HIV]] |
[[Category:HIV]] |
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Latest revision as of 11:24, 15 October 2024
Background
- Two main forms:
- Unmasking: an underlying, previously undiagnosed infection becomes clinically apparent following immune reconstitution
- Paradoxical: a diagnosed and treated infection worsens following immune reconstitution
Microbiology
- Mycobacteria
- Fungi
- Viruses
Risk Factors
- High viral load
- Low CD4 count
Clinical Manifestations
- Varies by underlying infection
- Onset usually a month following starting antiretrovirals, but can be up to a year
- Mostly within 4 to 8 weeks of starting or changing ART, but with a range from 3 days to several months (or in case reports up to years)
Further Reading
- Central Nervous System Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2013;15(6). doi: 10.1007/s11908-013-0378-5
- Provides an overview of CNS-related IRIS syndromes.
