Paragonimus westermani: Difference between revisions
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Paragonimus westermani
(Created page with "{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Paragonimus westermani''}} == Background == * Also known as the oriental lung fluke * Most common species of Genus::Paragonimus that infects humans === Epidemiology === * Distributed within southeast Asia and east Asia, including China, Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and India ** Other species are endemic to other parts of the world, including Paragonimus kellicotti in North America * Primarily transmitted by consumption of raw or und...") |
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== Management == |
== Management == |
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| + | * First-line: [[praziquantel]] 75 mg/kg/day in three divided doses, for three days |
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| − | * [[Praziquantel]] |
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| + | * Second-line: [[triclabendazole]] 10 mg/kg p.o. once or twice[[CiteRef::richter2022cu]] |
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[[Category:Trematodes]] |
[[Category:Trematodes]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:14, 27 September 2024
Background
- Also known as the oriental lung fluke
- Most common species of Paragonimus that infects humans
Epidemiology
- Distributed within southeast Asia and east Asia, including China, Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and India
- Other species are endemic to other parts of the world, including Paragonimus kellicotti in North America
- Primarily transmitted by consumption of raw or undercooked crab or crayfish
- Lifespan of a lung fluke is up to 20 years (if untreated)
Clinical Manifestations
Pulmonary Paragonimiasis
- Acute phase: diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, cough, urticaria, hepatosplenomegaly, pulmonary abnormalities, and eosinophilia
- As larvae penetrate the diaphragm, patients can have pleuritic chest pain and develop pneumothorax or pleural effusion (usual exudative and eosinophilic)
- Chronic phase: cough, sputum production, and hemoptysis
- May last for years
Extrapulmonary Paragonimiasis
- Immature flukes can migrate into brain, abdomen (including intestinal wall, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, peritoneal cavity, ovary, mesenteric lymph nodes), and subcutaneous tissues
- Also, more rarely, to heart, mediastinum, muscle, spinal sord, parotid gland, testes, and breasts
- Eggs can deposite into ectopic sites as well, causing cyst, abscess, or granuloma formation
Management
- First-line: praziquantel 75 mg/kg/day in three divided doses, for three days
- Second-line: triclabendazole 10 mg/kg p.o. once or twice1
References
- ^ Joachim Richter. Current status of the treatment of paragonimiasis. One Health & Implementation Research. 2022;2(2):96-107. doi:10.20517/ohir.2022.10.
