Obligate anaerobes: Difference between revisions

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*Gram-negative
 
*Gram-negative
 
**Bacilli
 
**Bacilli
***[[Bacteroides|''Bacteroides'' species]]
+
***[[Bacteroides fragilis group]]:
****''B. fragilis'' group: B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. distasonis, B. vulgatus, B. ovatus, B. uniformis
+
****[[Bacteroides]]: [[Bacteroides fragilis]], [[Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron]], [[Bacteroides distasonis]], [[Bacteroides ovatus]], [[Bacteroides uniformis]]
  +
****[[Parabacteroides]]: [[Parabacteroides gordonii]], [[Parabacteroides goldsteinii]], [[Parabacteroides distasonis]], [[Parabacteroides merdae]]
****Other ''Bacteroides'' spp.: B. gracilis, B. ureolyticus, Bilophila wadsworthia, Sutterella spp
 
  +
****[[Phocaeicola]]: [[Phocaeicola vulgatus]], [[Phocaeicola dorei]]
***[[Prevotella species|''Prevotella'' species]]
 
 
***Other [[Bacteroides]] spp.: [[Bacteroides gracilis]], [[Bacteroides ureolyticus]]
****Pigmented: ''P. melaninogenica'', ''P. intermedia'', ''P. denticola'', ''P. loescheii'', ''P. corporis'', ''P. nigrescens''
 
 
***[[Prevotella species|Prevotella]]
****Non-pigmented: ''P. oris'', ''P. buccae'', ''P. oralis'' group (''P. oralis'', ''P. buccalis'', ''P. veroralis''), ''P. bivia'', ''P. disiens''
 
 
****Pigmented: P. melaninogenica, P. intermedia, P. denticola, P. loescheii, P. corporis, P. nigrescens
***[[Porphyromonas species|''Porphyromonas'' species]]: ''P. asaccharolytica'', ''P. gingivalis'', ''P. endodontalis''
 
 
****Non-pigmented: P. oris, P. buccae, P. oralis group (P. oralis, P. buccalis, P. veroralis), P. bivia, P. disiens
***[[Fusobacterium species|''Fusobacterium'' species]]: ''F. nucleatum'', ''F. necrophorum'', ''F. gonidiaformans'', ''F. naviforme'', ''F. mortiferum'', ''F. verium''
 
 
***[[Porphyromonas species|Porphyromonas]]: P. asaccharolytica, P. gingivalis, P. endodontalis
***[[Bilophila species|''Bilophila'' species]]
 
 
***[[Fusobacterium species|Fusobacterium]]: F. nucleatum, F. necrophorum, F. gonidiaformans, F. naviforme, F. mortiferum, F. verium
***[[Sutterella species|''Sutterella'' species]]
 
 
***[[Bilophila species|Bilophila]]: [[Bilophila wadsworthia]]
 
***[[Sutterella species|Sutterella]]
 
**Cocci
 
**Cocci
***[[Veillonella species|''Veillonella'' species]]
+
***[[Veillonella species|Veillonella]]
 
*Gram-positive
 
*Gram-positive
 
**Cocci
 
**Cocci
***''[[Peptostreptococcus]]'' spp.: ''P. magnus'', ''P. asaccharolyticus'', ''P. prevotii'', ''P. intermedius'', ''P. anaerobius'', ''P. micros''
+
***[[Peptostreptococcus]]: [[Peptostreptococcus anaerobius]]
  +
***[[Finegoldia]]
  +
***[[Anaerococcus]]
  +
***[[Peptoniphilus]]
  +
***[[Parvimonas]]: [[Parvimonas micra]]
  +
***Others: [[Murdochiella]], [[Atopobium]], [[Anaerosphaera]]
 
**Bacilli (spore-forming)
 
**Bacilli (spore-forming)
***[[Clostridium species|''Clostridium'' species]]: ''C. perfringens'', ''C. ramosum'', ''C. septicum'', ''C. novyi'', ''C. histolytica'', ''C. sporogenes'', ''C. difficile'', ''C. bifermentans'', ''C. butyricum'', ''C. innocuum'', ''C. sordellii'', ''C. botulinum'', ''C. tetani''
+
***[[Clostridium species|Clostridium]]: C. perfringens, C. ramosum, C. septicum, C. novyi, C. histolytica, C. sporogenes, C. bifermentans, C. butyricum, C. innocuum, C. sordellii, C. botulinum, C. tetani
  +
***[[Clostridioides difficile]]
 
**Bacilli (non-spore-forming)
 
**Bacilli (non-spore-forming)
***[[Propionibacterium species|''Propionibacterium'' species]]: ''[[P. acnes]]'', ''P. propionicum'', ''P. granulosum''
+
***[[Propionibacterium species|Propionibacterium]]: [[P. acnes]], P. propionicum, P. granulosum
***''[[Eubacterium tentum]]''
+
***[[Eubacterium tentum]]
***[[Bifidobacterium species|''Bifidobacterium'' species]]: ''B. eriksonii'', ''B. dentium''
+
***[[Bifidobacterium species|Bifidobacterium]]: B. eriksonii, B. dentium
***[[Actinomyces species|''Actinomyces'' species]]: ''A. israelii'', ''A. naestundii'', ''A. viscosus'', ''A. odontolyticus'', ''A. meyerii''
+
***[[Actinomyces species|Actinomyces]]: A. israelii, A. naestundii, A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus, A. meyerii
   
 
==Management==
 
==Management==
   
 
*[[Is treated by::Ampicillin]] or [[Is treated by::penicillin]] (for Gram-positive anaerobes)
 
*[[Is treated by::Ampicillin]] or [[Is treated by::penicillin]] (for Gram-positive anaerobes)
*β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations,
+
*β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations
 
*Cephamycins (e.g. [[Is treated by::cefoxitin]])
 
*Cephamycins (e.g. [[Is treated by::cefoxitin]])
*[[Is treated by::carbapenems]]
+
*[[Is treated by::Carbapenems]]
*[[Is treated by::clindamycin]] (though increasing resistance)
+
*[[Is treated by::Clindamycin]] (though increasing resistance)
*[[Is treated by::metronidazole]]
+
*[[Is treated by::Metronidazole]]
*[[Is treated by::moxifloxacin]]
+
*[[Is treated by::Moxifloxacin]]
*[[Is treated by::tetracycline]]
+
*[[Is treated by::Tetracycline]]
   
 
==Further Reading==
 
==Further Reading==

Latest revision as of 10:06, 20 September 2024

Microbiology

  • Colonizes skin and mucosal surfaces
  • Difficult to grow

Organisms

Management

Further Reading