Gardnerella vaginalis: Difference between revisions

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Background

Gram-negative or Gram-variable bacillus or coccobacillus
Member of vaginal flora

Clinical Manifestations

Involved in bacterial vaginosis, a dysbiosis rather than infection
Rare cause of other infections, including urinary tract infection

Management

Bacterial vaginosis (a dysbiosis rather than infection) is usually treated with metronidazole, which helps to normalize the overall vaginal microbiome rather than treating the Gardnerella
Very little information about antibiotic susceptibility that would be relevant for treating infections
- Based on one Brazilian study, ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin, chloramphenicol are likely reliable; ampicillin and metronidazole are not1
- A case series reports treatment with ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, aminoglycosides, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin2

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 * [[Bacterial vaginosis]] (a dysbiosis rather than infection) is usually treated with [[metronidazole]], which helps to normalize the overall vaginal microbiome rather than treating the ''Gardnerella''
 * Very little information about antibiotic susceptibility that would be relevant for treating infections
-** Based on one Brazilian study, ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin, chloramphenicol are likely reliable; ampicillin and metronidazole are not<ref>Knupp de Souza DM, Diniz CG, Filho DSC, Andrade de Oliveira LM, Coelho DM, Talha L de S, Nascimento TC do, Ferreira-Machado AB, Silva VL da (2016) Antimicrobial susceptibility and vaginolysin in Gardnerella vaginalis from healthy and bacterial vaginosis diagnosed women. ''J Infect Dev Ctries'' 10:913–919. doi: [https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.7161 10.3855/jidc.7161]</ref>
+** Based on one Brazilian study, ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin, chloramphenicol are likely reliable; ampicillin and metronidazole are not[[CiteRef::knupp de souza2016an]]
-** A case series reports treatment with ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, aminoglycosides, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin<ref>Christine M Akamine, Andrew Chou, Shahriar Tavakoli-Tabasi, Daniel M Musher, ''Gardnerella vaginalis'' Bacteremia in Male Patients: A Case Series and Review of the Literature, ''Open Forum Infectious Diseases'', Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2022, ofac176, doi: [https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac176 10.1093/ofid/ofac176]</ref>
+** A case series reports treatment with ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, aminoglycosides, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin[[CiteRef::akamine2022ga]]