Streptococcus agalactiae: Difference between revisions
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Streptococcus agalactiae
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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===Microbiology=== |
===Microbiology=== |
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*The most common group B Streptococcus of clinical concern |
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=== Epidemiology === |
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* Previously the most common cause of [[neonatal sepsis]], until screening and prophylaxis during pregnancy and deliverybecame routine |
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==Clinical Manifestations== |
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===Neonatal=== |
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*May be either early-onset (< 7 days old) or late-onset (7 to 90 days old) |
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*Presents with [[Causes::bacteremia]], [[Causes::sepsis]], [[Causes::pneumonia]], and [[Causes::meningitis]] |
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===Older Children and Adults=== |
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*Similar spectrum of illness to [[Streptococcus pyogenes]], including [[Streptococcal bacteremia|bacteremia]] |
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*Rare cause of community-acquired [[Bacterial meningitis|meningitis]] in adults, with high mortality[[CiteRef::van kassel2020co]] |
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**Risk factors include immunocompromised state, [[Cerebrospinal fluid leak|CSF leak]], and [[Infective endocarditis|endocarditis]] |
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==Management== |
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*Treated with [[Is treated by::penicillin]], [[Is treated by::amoxicillin]], or a [[Cephalosporin|first-generation cephalosporin]] |
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Streptococcus agalactiae''}} |
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Streptococcus agalactiae''}} |
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[[Category:Gram-positive cocci]] |
[[Category:Gram-positive cocci]] |
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[[Category:Infectious diseases]] |
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[[Category:Pediatrics]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:34, 12 September 2023
Background
Microbiology
- Gram-positive coccus in chains
- The most common group B Streptococcus of clinical concern
- Identified with the help of a CAMP test, where β-hemolysis is induced by the presence of Staphylococcus aureus
Epidemiology
- Previously the most common cause of neonatal sepsis, until screening and prophylaxis during pregnancy and deliverybecame routine
Clinical Manifestations
Neonatal
- May be either early-onset (< 7 days old) or late-onset (7 to 90 days old)
- Presents with bacteremia, sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis
Older Children and Adults
- Similar spectrum of illness to Streptococcus pyogenes, including bacteremia
- Rare cause of community-acquired meningitis in adults, with high mortality1
- Risk factors include immunocompromised state, CSF leak, and endocarditis
Management
- Treated with penicillin, amoxicillin, or a first-generation cephalosporin
References
- ^ Merel N. van Kassel, Koen J. van Haeringen, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Merijn W. Bijlsma, Diederik van de Beek. Community-acquired group B streptococcal meningitis in adults. Journal of Infection. 2020;80(3):255-260. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2019.12.002.
