Obligate anaerobes: Difference between revisions
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*[[Is treated by::Ampicillin]] or [[Is treated by::penicillin]] (for Gram-positive anaerobes) |
*[[Is treated by::Ampicillin]] or [[Is treated by::penicillin]] (for Gram-positive anaerobes) |
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*β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations |
*β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations |
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*Cephamycins (e.g. [[Is treated by::cefoxitin]]) |
*Cephamycins (e.g. [[Is treated by::cefoxitin]]) |
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*[[Is treated by:: |
*[[Is treated by::Carbapenems]] |
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*[[Is treated by:: |
*[[Is treated by::Clindamycin]] (though increasing resistance) |
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*[[Is treated by:: |
*[[Is treated by::Metronidazole]] |
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*[[Is treated by:: |
*[[Is treated by::Moxifloxacin]] |
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*[[Is treated by:: |
*[[Is treated by::Tetracycline]] |
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==Further Reading== |
==Further Reading== |
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Revision as of 14:53, 20 July 2023
Microbiology
- Colonizes skin and mucosal surfaces
- Difficult to grow
Organisms
- Gram-negative
- Bacilli
- Bacteroides fragilis group:
- Bacteroides: Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides uniformis
- Parabacteroides: Parabacteroides gordonii, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Parabacteroides distasonis, Parabacteroides merdae
- Phocaeicola: Phocaeicola vulgatus, Phocaeicola dorei
- Other Bacteroides spp.: Bacteroides gracilis, Bacteroides ureolyticus
- Prevotella
- Pigmented: P. melaninogenica, P. intermedia, P. denticola, P. loescheii, P. corporis, P. nigrescens
- Non-pigmented: P. oris, P. buccae, P. oralis group (P. oralis, P. buccalis, P. veroralis), P. bivia, P. disiens
- Porphyromonas: P. asaccharolytica, P. gingivalis, P. endodontalis
- Fusobacterium: F. nucleatum, F. necrophorum, F. gonidiaformans, F. naviforme, F. mortiferum, F. verium
- Bilophila: Bilophila wadsworthia
- Sutterella
- Bacteroides fragilis group:
- Cocci
- Bacilli
- Gram-positive
- Cocci
- Peptostreptococcus spp.: P. magnus, P. asaccharolyticus, P. prevotii, P. intermedius, P. anaerobius, P. micros
- Bacilli (spore-forming)
- Clostridium: C. perfringens, C. ramosum, C. septicum, C. novyi, C. histolytica, C. sporogenes, C. bifermentans, C. butyricum, C. innocuum, C. sordellii, C. botulinum, C. tetani
- Clostridioides difficile
- Bacilli (non-spore-forming)
- Propionibacterium: P. acnes, P. propionicum, P. granulosum
- Eubacterium tentum
- Bifidobacterium: B. eriksonii, B. dentium
- Actinomyces: A. israelii, A. naestundii, A. viscosus, A. odontolyticus, A. meyerii
- Cocci
Management
- Ampicillin or penicillin (for Gram-positive anaerobes)
- β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations
- Cephamycins (e.g. cefoxitin)
- Carbapenems
- Clindamycin (though increasing resistance)
- Metronidazole
- Moxifloxacin
- Tetracycline
Further Reading
- Brook I. Spectrum and treatment of anaerobic infections. J Infect Chemother (2015). doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.10.010
