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	<id>https://idwiki.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Wolfram_syndrome</id>
	<title>Wolfram syndrome - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-13T00:00:59Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://idwiki.org/index.php?title=Wolfram_syndrome&amp;diff=5441&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Aidan: Text replacement - &quot;== Clinical Presentation&quot; to &quot;== Clinical Manifestations&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://idwiki.org/index.php?title=Wolfram_syndrome&amp;diff=5441&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-08-02T12:23:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Text replacement - &amp;quot;== Clinical Presentation&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;== Clinical Manifestations&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:23, 2 August 2020&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 26:&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;** 1/150 cases of T1DM are Wolfram syndrome&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;** 1/150 cases of T1DM are Wolfram syndrome&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Clinical &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Manifestations&lt;/ins&gt; ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Diabetes mellitus presents in childhood&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Diabetes mellitus presents in childhood&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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		<author><name>Aidan</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://idwiki.org/index.php?title=Wolfram_syndrome&amp;diff=4530&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Imported from text file</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://idwiki.org/index.php?title=Wolfram_syndrome&amp;diff=4530&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2020-07-04T01:18:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Imported from text file&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Definition ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Congenital syndrome characterized by diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy, along with other associated issues&lt;br /&gt;
* Also known as DIDMOAD&lt;br /&gt;
** Diabetes insipidus (central)&lt;br /&gt;
** Diabetes mellitus (non-autoimmune type 1)&lt;br /&gt;
** Optic atrophy&lt;br /&gt;
** Deafness&lt;br /&gt;
* There is also Type 2 Wolfram syndrome&lt;br /&gt;
** GI ulcers with resulting bleeds&lt;br /&gt;
** No DI&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pathophysiology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* WFS1 mutation (encodes Wolframin protein)&lt;br /&gt;
* Transmembrane protein present in many systems&lt;br /&gt;
** Pancreas, brain, spinal cord, heart, muscle &amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;gt; liver, kidneys&lt;br /&gt;
* Putative functions include membrane trafficking, secreation, processing, and regulation of ER calcium homeostasis&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Epidemiology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Prevalence 1/750,000; highest in Lebanese (1/68,000)&lt;br /&gt;
* DM&lt;br /&gt;
** Insulin-dependent, T1DM-style from destruction of pancreatic cell&lt;br /&gt;
** Presents in childhood&lt;br /&gt;
** 1/150 cases of T1DM are Wolfram syndrome&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Clinical Presentation ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Diabetes mellitus presents in childhood&lt;br /&gt;
* Diabetes insipidus is central and presents in teenage years or early adulthood&lt;br /&gt;
* Hypogonadism M&amp;amp;gt;F&lt;br /&gt;
* Hypothalamic pituitarism: GH deficiency, cotricotropin deficiency&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Endocrinology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Pediatrics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
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