Sterilization and disinfection - Revision history

Aidan at 18:17, 25 October 2021

2021-10-25T18:17:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:17, 25 October 2021
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	== Background ==		== Background ==

			=== Definitions ===
⚫	~~===~~ Definitions ===*'''Sterilization''' is a process that eliminates all forms of microbial life

⚫	*'''Disinfection''' is a process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microbes on inanimate objects, with the exception of spores
			* '''Cleaning''' is the process of removing soil and organic material, usually with water and detergents or enzymes
⚫	*'''Chemical sterilants''' are disinfectants that will kill spores with prolonged exposure (2 to 12 hours)
		⚫	* '''Sterilization''' is a process that eliminates all forms of microbial life
⚫	*'''High-level disinfectants''' will kill all microorganisms except large numbers of bacterial spores within a shorter amount of time (e.g. 20 minutes)
		⚫	* '''Disinfection''' is a process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microbes on inanimate objects, with the exception of spores
		⚫	* '''Chemical sterilants''' are disinfectants that will kill spores with prolonged exposure (2 to 12 hours)
		⚫	* '''High-level disinfectants''' will kill all microorganisms except large numbers of bacterial spores within a shorter amount of time (e.g. 20 minutes)
	* '''Low-level disinfectants''' will kill most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses within a short amount of time (e.g. 10 minutes)		* '''Low-level disinfectants''' will kill most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses within a short amount of time (e.g. 10 minutes)
	*'''Intermediate-level disinfectants''' may be cidal for mycobacteria, vegetative bacteria, most viruses, and most fungi, but are not sporicidal		* '''Intermediate-level disinfectants''' may be cidal for mycobacteria, vegetative bacteria, most viruses, and most fungi, but are not sporicidal

	=== Sterilization ===		=== Sterilization ===

Aidan at 18:14, 25 October 2021

2021-10-25T18:14:01Z

Show changes

Aidan: Aidan moved page Sterilization to Sterilization and disinfection

2021-10-25T17:38:17Z

Aidan moved page Sterilization to Sterilization and disinfection

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:38, 25 October 2021
(No difference)

Aidan at 17:30, 25 October 2021

2021-10-25T17:30:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:30, 25 October 2021
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			== Background ==
⚫	* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it
			* The process of sterilization destroys all forms of microbial life
			*May be physical or chemical methods
			**Steam under pressure
			**Dry heat
			**EtO gas
			**Hydrogen peroxide gas plasma
			**Liquid chemicals
		⚫	*Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it

	== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ==		== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ==
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	\|}		\|}

	=== Rutala ~~modification~~ ===		=== Rutala Modification ===

	* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter ~~steril~~ tissues, should be considered critical		* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter sterile tissues, should be considered critical

	== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ==		== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ==
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	* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas		* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas

	=== Pre-~~cleaning~~ ===		=== Pre-Cleaning ===

	* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them		* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them

Aidan: fixed headings

2019-10-05T00:45:22Z

fixed headings

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:45, 5 October 2019
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	== Disinfection & Sterilization ==

	* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it		* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it

	=== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ===		== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ==

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|}		\|}

	==== Rutala modification ====		=== Rutala modification ===

	* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter steril tissues, should be considered critical		* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter steril tissues, should be considered critical

	=== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ===		== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ==

	* Needs separate areas for receiving soiled instruments, decontaminating, cleaning, sterilizing, and storing		* Needs separate areas for receiving soiled instruments, decontaminating, cleaning, sterilizing, and storing
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	* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas		* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas

	==== Pre-cleaning ====		=== Pre-cleaning ===

	* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them		* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them

	==== Cleaning ====		=== Cleaning ===

	* Remove all visible soil from every accessible surface		* Remove all visible soil from every accessible surface
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	* Rinse to remove detergents, then dry		* Rinse to remove detergents, then dry

	==== Sterilization ====		=== Sterilization ===

	* High temperature sterilization whenever possible		* High temperature sterilization whenever possible
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	** Hydrogen peroxide most common liquid		** Hydrogen peroxide most common liquid

	===== Monitoring =====		==== Monitoring ====

	* Spore tests: compare a strip that went through the autoclav to a control that was held outside		* Spore tests: compare a strip that went through the autoclav to a control that was held outside
	* ATP system test strips		* ATP system test strips

	==== Storage ====		=== Storage ===

	* Equipment must be stored until results are available from the spore test for that batch		* Equipment must be stored until results are available from the spore test for that batch
	* Controlled temperature and humidity		* Controlled temperature and humidity

	=== Further Reading ===		== Further Reading ==

	* [https://apic.org/ APIC]		* [https://apic.org/ APIC]

Aidan: Aidan moved page Infection Prevention and Control Sterilization to Sterilization without leaving a redirect

2019-08-16T11:18:34Z

Aidan moved page Infection Prevention and Control Sterilization to Sterilization without leaving a redirect

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:18, 16 August 2019
(No difference)

Aidan at 11:18, 16 August 2019

2019-08-16T11:18:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:18, 16 August 2019
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	* [https://apic.org/ APIC]		* [https://apic.org/ APIC]

			[[Category:Infection prevention and control]]

Aidan at 11:18, 16 August 2019

2019-08-16T11:18:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:18, 16 August 2019
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	= Disinfection &~~amp;~~ ~~sterilization~~ =		== Disinfection & Sterilization ==

	* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it		* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it

	== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ==		=== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ===

			{\| class="wikitable"
	{\|
	! Classification		! Classification
	! Contact with		! Contact with
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	\|}		\|}

	=== Rutala modification ===		==== Rutala modification ====

	* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter steril tissues, should be considered critical		* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter steril tissues, should be considered critical

	== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ==		=== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ===

	* Needs separate areas for receiving soiled instruments, decontaminating, cleaning, sterilizing, and storing		* Needs separate areas for receiving soiled instruments, decontaminating, cleaning, sterilizing, and storing
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	* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas		* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas

	=== Pre-cleaning ===		==== Pre-cleaning ====

	* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them		* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them

	=== Cleaning ===		==== Cleaning ====

	* Remove all visible soil from every accessible surface		* Remove all visible soil from every accessible surface
Line 47:		Line 47:
	* Rinse to remove detergents, then dry		* Rinse to remove detergents, then dry

	=== Sterilization ===		==== Sterilization ====

	* High temperature sterilization whenever possible		* High temperature sterilization whenever possible
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	** Hydrogen peroxide most common liquid		** Hydrogen peroxide most common liquid

	==== Monitoring ====		===== Monitoring =====

	* Spore tests: compare a strip that went through the autoclav to a control that was held outside		* Spore tests: compare a strip that went through the autoclav to a control that was held outside
	* ATP system test strips		* ATP system test strips

	=== Storage ===		==== Storage ====

	* Equipment must be stored until results are available from the spore test for that batch		* Equipment must be stored until results are available from the spore test for that batch
	* Controlled temperature and humidity		* Controlled temperature and humidity

	== Further Reading ==		=== Further Reading ===

	* [https://apic.org/ APIC]		* [https://apic.org/ APIC]

Maintenance script: Imported from text file

2019-08-11T18:05:53Z

Imported from text file

New page

= Disinfection & sterilization =

* Equipment must be ''cleaned'' first, before attempting to disinfect or sterilize it

== Spaulding Classification of Medical Equipment ==

{|
! Classification
! Contact with
! Processing
! Examples
|-
| Critical
| Sterile tissue or vascular system
| Cleaning followed by sterilization
| Surgical instruments, biopsy instruments, and foot care equipment
|-
| Semi-critical
| Non-intact skin or mucous memranes, but not penetrating the skin
| Cleaning followed by a minimum high level disinfection
| Respiratory equipment, flexible endoscopes
|-
| Non-critical
| Intact skin
| Cleaning followed by low level disinfection
| Trourniquets, BP cuffs, linen, and furtniture
|}

=== Rutala modification ===

* Endoscopes, which secondarily enter steril tissues, should be considered critical

== Medical Device Reprocessing Department (MDRD) ==

* Needs separate areas for receiving soiled instruments, decontaminating, cleaning, sterilizing, and storing
* Treated essentially like an OR, with controlled temperature and humidity, with dedicated ventilation system
* Negative pressure in decontamination areas and positive pressure in clean areas

=== Pre-cleaning ===

* Dismantle and sort devices, then soak them

=== Cleaning ===

* Remove all visible soil from every accessible surface
* Can use ultrasonic machines and washing machines
* Rinse to remove detergents, then dry

=== Sterilization ===

* High temperature sterilization whenever possible
* Low-temperature sterilization can be done for heat sensitive critical and semi-critical items
** Uses gas, including hydrogen peroxide gas plasma or vapour, or ozone (but that needs 4 hours)
** Needed for things with plastic, for example
* Liquid emersion can be done for heat sensitive crticical and semi-critical items
** Hydrogen peroxide most common liquid

==== Monitoring ====

* Spore tests: compare a strip that went through the autoclav to a control that was held outside
* ATP system test strips

=== Storage ===

* Equipment must be stored until results are available from the spore test for that batch
* Controlled temperature and humidity

== Further Reading ==

* [https://apic.org/ APIC]