Aidan: Text replacement - " species]]" to "]]"

2022-02-08T02:46:59Z

Text replacement - " species]]" to "]]"

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:46, 8 February 2022
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	* Preformed toxins		* Preformed toxins
	* Involves [[Escherichia coli]], [[Klebsiella ~~species~~]], [[Vibrio ~~species~~]], [[Proteus ~~species~~]], [[Clostridium ~~species~~]], [[Salmonella ~~species~~]], and [[Shigella ~~species~~]]		* Involves [[Escherichia coli]], [[Klebsiella]], [[Vibrio]], [[Proteus]], [[Clostridium]], [[Salmonella]], and [[Shigella]]

	=== Pathophysiology ===		=== Pathophysiology ===

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == * Food poisoning from improperly-stored fish ** Especially common with ''Scombridae'' and ''Scomberesocidae'' families of fish, which include tuna, mackeral,..."

2020-08-24T01:05:01Z

Created page with "== Background == * Food poisoning from improperly-stored fish ** Especially common with ''Scombridae'' and ''Scomberesocidae'' families of fish, which include tuna, mackeral,..."

New page

== Background ==

* Food poisoning from improperly-stored fish
** Especially common with ''Scombridae'' and ''Scomberesocidae'' families of fish, which include tuna, mackeral, skip-jack, and bonito, but can also be seen with dolphin fish, tilapia, salmon, swordfish, trout, sardines, and anchovies
* Similar illness can occur from raw milk contamination when making Swiss cheese

=== Microbiology ===

* Preformed toxins
* Involves [[Escherichia coli]], [[Klebsiella species]], [[Vibrio species]], [[Proteus species]], [[Clostridium species]], [[Salmonella species]], and [[Shigella species]]

=== Pathophysiology ===

* Storing fish above 4ºC allows multiple bacteria to grow
** Can be as short as 2 to 3 hours at 20ºC
* The bacteria produce toxins including histamine
* Histamine is resistant to freezing and cooking
* Ingestion of histamine causes the symptoms, described below

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* Within 1 hour of consumption
** Feeling flushed and warm
** Urticaria on face and upper torso
** Headache
** Diarrhea
* Can also cause perioral burning, itching, and edema, blurred vision, tachycardia, palpitations, hypotension, and dizziness
* Can occasionally progress to anaphylactoid symptoms with bronchospasm, respiratory distress, and arrhythmias
* Illness is more severe in people taking MOA inhibitors or isoniazid, which prevent breakdown of histamines

=== Prognosis and Complications ===

* Symptoms resolve within 12 to 48 hours with no serious sequelae

<br />

== Management ==

* Close airway monitoring with intubation and ventilation if required
* Antihistamines, including [[diphenhydramine]], [[hydroxyzine]], [[ranitidine]], [[cimetidine]], which should be continued until 1 or 2 days after resolution of symptoms to prevent recurrence

[[Category:Gastroenterology]]

Scombroid - Revision history

Aidan: Text replacement - " species]]" to "]]"

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == * Food poisoning from improperly-stored fish ** Especially common with ''Scombridae'' and ''Scomberesocidae'' families of fish, which include tuna, mackeral,..."