Rapidly progressing dementia - Revision history

Aidan: /* Differential Diagnosis */

2022-07-15T18:09:14Z

Differential Diagnosis

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 15 July 2022
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	== Differential Diagnosis ==		== Differential Diagnosis ==

	* [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]] (CJD)		* [[Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease]] (CJD), especially when myoclonus is present
	* Atypical course of a more common form of dementia		* Atypical course of a more common form of dementia
	** [[Frontotemporal dementia]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], [[Lewy body dementia]], and [[Alzheimer dementia]]		** [[Frontotemporal dementia]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], [[Lewy body dementia]], and [[Alzheimer dementia]]

Aidan at 16:19, 20 August 2021

2021-08-20T16:19:22Z

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Aidan: Text replacement - "Creutzfeld-Jakob disease" to "Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease"

2020-11-05T15:32:41Z

Text replacement - "Creutzfeld-Jakob disease" to "Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease"

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:32, 5 November 2020
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	* Subacute and accelerated decline, developing over 2 years		* Subacute and accelerated decline, developing over 2 years
	* Must rule out ~~Creutzfeld~~-Jakob disease (CJD)		* Must rule out Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)

	== Differential Diagnosis ==		== Differential Diagnosis ==

	* ~~Creutzfeld~~-Jakob disease (CJD)		* Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
	* Atypical course of a more common form of dementia		* Atypical course of a more common form of dementia
	** Frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, Lewy Body dementia, and Alzheimer dementia		** Frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, Lewy Body dementia, and Alzheimer dementia
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	* Neurodegenerative		* Neurodegenerative
	** Alzheumer dementia		** Alzheumer dementia
	** ~~Creutzfeld~~-Jakob disease		** Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
	* Frontotemporal syndrome		* Frontotemporal syndrome
	** Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia		** Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia

Maintenance script: Imported from text file

2020-07-04T01:17:53Z

Imported from text file

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* Subacute and accelerated decline, developing over 2 years
* Must rule out Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD)

== Differential Diagnosis ==

* Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD)
* Atypical course of a more common form of dementia
** Frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, Lewy Body dementia, and Alzheimer dementia
* Limbic encphalitis: short-term memory loss, executive dysfuntion, personality changes, panic attacks, and delusions and hallucinations, as well as seizures
** Paraneoplastic syndromes
*** Anti-Hu: often found in small cell lung cancer
*** CV2: only found in small cell lung cancer or thymoma
*** Ma2: testicular germ-cell tumours, breast cancer, and NSCLC
*** VGKC
** Anti-voltage-gated potassium channel encephalopathy (VGKC-E): often has hyponatremia
** HSV encephalitis
* Hashimoto encephalitis (steroid-responsive encephalopathy): often in patients with other autoimmune disorders, diagnosed with anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies

== Investigations ==

* MRI: CJD is the only degenerative condition that causes hyperintensities in DWI and FLAIR

== Extended Differential Diagnosis ==

* Vascular
** Stroke, vascular dementia
** CADASIL
** Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
** Hyperviscosity
** Syndromes/paraproteinemias (polycythemia, monocloncal gammopathies)
** Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
* Infectious
** Whipple disease
** Syphilis
** Lyme disease
** Subacute sclerosing panencphalitis (SSPE) (measles)
** HIV-associated dementia
** Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (JC virus)
* Toxic/metabolic
** Vitamin B12 deficiency
** Thiamine deficiency
** Niacin deficiency
** Folate deficiency
** Uremic encephalopathy
** Wilson disease
** Hepatic encephalopathy
** Porphyria
* Heavy metals
** Bismuth toxicity
** Alcohol toxicity
** Lithium toxicity
** Mercury toxicity
** Arsenic toxicity
** Lead
* Electrolyte abnormalities
** Kuf disease
** Methylmalonic acidemia
** Mitochondrial encephalopathies
* Autoimmune
** Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis
** Anti-VGKC-E
** Hashimoto encephalopathy
** Lupus cerebritis
** Sarcoid
** CNS vasculitis
** Celiac disease
* Metastases/neoplastic
** CNS metastases
** Primary CNS lymphoma
** Intravascular lymphoma
** Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
** Gliomatosis cerebri
* Iatrogenic/idiopathic
** Central pontine myelinolysis
** Insulin-induced hypoglycemia
** Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)
* Neurodegenerative
** Alzheumer dementia
** Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
* Frontotemporal syndrome
** Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia
** Semantic dementia
** Progressive non-fluent aphasia
** Frontotemporal dementia-motor neuron disease
* Parkinson syndrome
** Dementia with lewy bodies
** Corticobasal degeneration
** Progressive supranuclear palsy
** Parkinson disease dementia
** High definition
* Systemic
** Vasculitis (giant cell arteritis)
** Sleep apnea

[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Geriatrics]]