Aidan at 16:21, 20 September 2020

2020-09-20T16:21:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:21, 20 September 2020
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	* Diagnosing and treating infants and children		* Diagnosing and treating infants and children
	* Unknown if it is transmitted via breastmilk		* Unknown if it is transmitted via breastmilk

			[[Category:Congenital infections]]

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == * Risk of vertical transmission 5% in chronic infection 50% in acute infection ** 100% with untreated HIV coinfection == Clinical Manifestations == *..."

2020-09-20T16:20:49Z

Created page with "== Background == * Risk of vertical transmission ** 5% in chronic infection ** 50% in acute infection ** 100% with untreated HIV coinfection == Clinical Manifestations == *..."

New page

== Background ==

* Risk of vertical transmission
** 5% in chronic infection
** 50% in acute infection
** 100% with untreated HIV coinfection

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* 60-90% are asymptomatic
* Spectrum of disease from oligosymptomatic to severe disease
* Manifestations include:
** [[Low birth weight]]
** [[Prematurity]]
** Low Apgar scores
** [[Hepatomegaly]] and [[splenomegaly]]
** [[Anemia]] and [[thrombocytopenia]]
** [[Meningoencephalitis]]
** [[Megaesophagus]] and other gastrointestinal mega-syndromes
** [[Cardiomyopathy]]
** [[Pneumonitis]]
** [[Anasarca]]

== Diagnosis ==

* Direct microscopy of infant cord blood Buffy coat using a Wright Giemsa stain
* PCR is most sensitive, but can give a false positive with cord blood testing
* Serology can be used after 8 months of age
* Stepwise diagnostics for an infant <3 months old:
** Giemsa stain or PCR
** If negative, repeat microscopy on blood smear and PCR at 4 to 6 weeks of age
** If negative, send serology at 9 months
** If negative, then the diagnosis is excluded
* Stepwise diagnostics for a child ≥3 months old:
** Serology on infant
** If positive, repeat serology at 9 months
** If positive, then the diagnosis is confirmed

== Management ==

* During acute phase, treated with [[benznidazol]] and [[nifurtimox]] for 60 days
** Effective if started in first year of life
** Adverse effects include rash, cytopenias, and neuropathy, but less common in children

== Prevention ==

* Vector control strategies
* Screening at-risk pregnancy women
* Diagnosing and treating infants and children
* Unknown if it is transmitted via breastmilk

Congenital Chagas disease - Revision history

Aidan at 16:21, 20 September 2020

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == * Risk of vertical transmission ** 5% in chronic infection ** 50% in acute infection ** 100% with untreated HIV coinfection == Clinical Manifestations == *..."

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == * Risk of vertical transmission 5% in chronic infection 50% in acute infection ** 100% with untreated HIV coinfection == Clinical Manifestations == *..."