Ascaris lumbricoides - Revision history

Aidan at 14:04, 2 August 2020

2020-08-02T14:04:27Z

Aidan: Text replacement - "Clinical Presentation" to "Clinical Manifestations"

2020-07-21T16:27:58Z

Text replacement - "Clinical Presentation" to "Clinical Manifestations"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:27, 21 July 2020
Line 22:		Line 22:
	* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia		* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia

	== Clinical ~~Presentation~~ ==		== Clinical Manifestations ==

	* Mostly asymptomatic		* Mostly asymptomatic

Aidan at 15:03, 17 August 2019

2019-08-17T15:03:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:03, 17 August 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
	= Microbiology =		== Microbiology ==

	= Life Cycle =		== Life Cycle ==

	[[File:Ascariasis_LifeCycle_1.gif\|Ascaris lumbricoides]]		[[File:Ascariasis_LifeCycle_1.gif\|Ascaris lumbricoides]]
Line 14:		Line 14:
	* Adult worms live 10 to 24 months		* Adult worms live 10 to 24 months

	= Epidemiology =		== Epidemiology ==

	* Likely the most common helminth infection worldwide, with a global distribution		* Likely the most common helminth infection worldwide, with a global distribution
Line 22:		Line 22:
	* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia		* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia

	= Clinical Presentation =		== Clinical Presentation ==

	* Mostly asymptomatic		* Mostly asymptomatic
Line 34:		Line 34:
	* Can migrate, with adult worms exiting per rectum, mouth, tear duct, or nose (though all rare)		* Can migrate, with adult worms exiting per rectum, mouth, tear duct, or nose (though all rare)

	== Complications ==		=== Complications ===

	* Malnutrition leading to intellectual stunting, poor school performance, and decreased growth		* Malnutrition leading to intellectual stunting, poor school performance, and decreased growth
Line 41:		Line 41:
	** More common in adults		** More common in adults

	= Diagnosis =		== Diagnosis ==

	* Stool for ova, which should be easy to find due to the large amount of eggs released		* Stool for ova, which should be easy to find due to the large amount of eggs released
Line 48:		Line 48:
	* May appear as filling defects on bowel imaging		* May appear as filling defects on bowel imaging

	= Management =		== Management ==

	* Albendazole 400 mg po once, or mebendazole 500 mg po once, or mebendazole 100 mg po daily for 3 days, or pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg po once (max 1 g)		* Albendazole 400 mg po once, or mebendazole 500 mg po once, or mebendazole 100 mg po daily for 3 days, or pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg po once (max 1 g)

Aidan at 01:11, 15 August 2019

2019-08-15T01:11:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:11, 15 August 2019
Line 55:		Line 55:

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ascaris lumbricoides''}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ascaris lumbricoides''}}
	[[Category:~~Helminths~~]]		[[Category:Nematodes]]

Aidan at 00:15, 15 August 2019

2019-08-15T00:15:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:15, 15 August 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
			= Microbiology =
⚫	= ''Ascaris lumbricoides'' ~~(ascariasis) =~~

	== ~~Microbiology~~ ==		= Life Cycle =

	== Life Cycle ==

	[[File:Ascariasis_LifeCycle_1.gif\|Ascaris lumbricoides]]		[[File:Ascariasis_LifeCycle_1.gif\|Ascaris lumbricoides]]
Line 16:		Line 14:
	* Adult worms live 10 to 24 months		* Adult worms live 10 to 24 months

	== Epidemiology ==		= Epidemiology =

	* Likely the most common helminth infection worldwide, with a global distribution		* Likely the most common helminth infection worldwide, with a global distribution
Line 24:		Line 22:
	* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia		* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia

	== Clinical Presentation ==		= Clinical Presentation =

	* Mostly asymptomatic		* Mostly asymptomatic
Line 36:		Line 34:
	* Can migrate, with adult worms exiting per rectum, mouth, tear duct, or nose (though all rare)		* Can migrate, with adult worms exiting per rectum, mouth, tear duct, or nose (though all rare)

	=== Complications ===		== Complications ==

	* Malnutrition leading to intellectual stunting, poor school performance, and decreased growth		* Malnutrition leading to intellectual stunting, poor school performance, and decreased growth
Line 43:		Line 41:
	** More common in adults		** More common in adults

	== Diagnosis ==		= Diagnosis =

	* Stool for ova, which should be easy to find due to the large amount of eggs released		* Stool for ova, which should be easy to find due to the large amount of eggs released
Line 50:		Line 48:
	* May appear as filling defects on bowel imaging		* May appear as filling defects on bowel imaging

	== Management ==		= Management =

	* Albendazole 400 mg po once, or mebendazole 500 mg po once, or mebendazole 100 mg po daily for 3 days, or pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg po once (max 1 g)		* Albendazole 400 mg po once, or mebendazole 500 mg po once, or mebendazole 100 mg po daily for 3 days, or pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg po once (max 1 g)
	* Ivermectin can also treat ascariasis 150 to 200 mcg/kg po once		* Ivermectin can also treat ascariasis 150 to 200 mcg/kg po once
	* In pregnancy and in children, albendazole and mebendazole can be used		* In pregnancy and in children, albendazole and mebendazole can be used

		⚫	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ascaris lumbricoides''}}
			[[Category:Helminths]]

Aidan: Aidan moved page Ascaris lumbricoides (ascariasis) to Ascaris lumbricoides without leaving a redirect

2019-08-15T00:14:33Z

Aidan moved page Ascaris lumbricoides (ascariasis) to Ascaris lumbricoides without leaving a redirect

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:14, 15 August 2019
(No difference)

Maintenance script: Imported from text file

2019-08-11T18:05:48Z

Imported from text file

New page

= ''Ascaris lumbricoides'' (ascariasis) =

== Microbiology ==

== Life Cycle ==

[[File:Ascariasis_LifeCycle_1.gif|Ascaris lumbricoides]]

* Female worm releases egg into small intestine, which are passed in feces
* They develop to become infectious eggs over 2 to 6 weeks, depending on environmental conditions
* The eggs are then ingested, releasing the contained larva into the small intestine
* Larvae penetrate the intestinal wall, enter the venous blood, and deposit into the lungs, where they climb the bronchial tree and are swallowed
** It matures in some way in the lungs
* They reach the small intestine (again), where they develop into adults
* Egg production starts about 2 months after initial ingestion
* Adult worms live 10 to 24 months

== Epidemiology ==

* Likely the most common helminth infection worldwide, with a global distribution
* Promoted by poor sanitation and by using human waste as fertilizer
* Children often become infected when playing in contaminated soil
* Ova can remain viable in soil for up to 6 years
* It is unclear if it's still endemic in parts of the US, include Appalachia

== Clinical Presentation ==

* Mostly asymptomatic
* After 2 week incubation period, may develop pulmonary symptoms from a hypersensitivity response
** Non-productive cough, chest discomfort, low-grade fever, and eosinophilia
** Resolves by the time the worms mature
** Can rarely develop Löffler syndrome (eosinophilic pneumonia)
* Once in the abdomen, the symptoms are usually mild
** May include mild abdo discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, or nausea
** If heavier worm burden, it can cause malnutrition
* Can migrate, with adult worms exiting per rectum, mouth, tear duct, or nose (though all rare)

=== Complications ===

* Malnutrition leading to intellectual stunting, poor school performance, and decreased growth
* Can cause intestinal obstruction and intestinal performation when they amass
* Can cause cholangitis, liver abscesses, pancreatitis, and appendicitis when they enter small orifices
** More common in adults

== Diagnosis ==

* Stool for ova, which should be easy to find due to the large amount of eggs released
* Can also find larvae in sputum and gastric aspirates
* PCR can detect them in stool
* May appear as filling defects on bowel imaging

== Management ==

* Albendazole 400 mg po once, or mebendazole 500 mg po once, or mebendazole 100 mg po daily for 3 days, or pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg po once (max 1 g)
* Ivermectin can also treat ascariasis 150 to 200 mcg/kg po once
* In pregnancy and in children, albendazole and mebendazole can be used