Actinotignum schaalii - Revision history

Aidan: /* Microbiology */

2026-04-14T15:07:47Z

Microbiology

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:07, 14 April 2026
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	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===

	*Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]] within the genus [[Genus::Actinotignum]]		*Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] slightly curved [[Shape::bacillus]] to [[Shape::coccobacillus]] within the genus [[Genus::Actinotignum]]
	*~~Grows~~ slowly on blood agar		*Fastidious, growing slowly on blood agar
	*Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''		*Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''
	*Classified within the family [[Actinomycetaceae]], which also includes [[Arcanobacterium]] and [[Trueperella]]		*Classified within the family [[Actinomycetaceae]], which also includes [[Arcanobacterium]] and [[Trueperella]]

Aidan at 15:04, 14 April 2026

2026-04-14T15:04:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:04, 14 April 2026
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	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===

	*Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]]		*Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]] within the genus [[Genus::Actinotignum]]
	*Grows slowly on blood agar		*Grows slowly on blood agar
	*Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''		*Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''

Aidan: /* Management */

2020-12-06T00:37:07Z

Management

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:37, 6 December 2020
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	*Susceptible to all [[β-lactams]], as well as [[tetracyclines]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[rifampin]], and [[nitrofurantoin]]		*Susceptible to all [[β-lactams]], as well as [[tetracyclines]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[rifampin]], and [[nitrofurantoin]]
	*May be susceptible to [[fosfomycin]]		*May be susceptible to [[fosfomycin]]
	*Can have reduced susceptibility to [[~~genatmicin~~]] and can be resistant to [[macrolides]], [[lincosamides]], [[TMP-SMX]], and [[~~fluoroquinolones~~]] (though may be susceptible to [[levofloxacin]] and [[moxifloxacin]])		*Can have reduced susceptibility to [[gentamicin]] and can be resistant to [[macrolides]], [[lincosamides]], [[TMP-SMX]], and [[ciprofloxacin]] (though may be susceptible to [[levofloxacin]] and [[moxifloxacin]])

	==Further Reading==		==Further Reading==

Aidan: /* Further Reading */

2020-12-06T00:36:05Z

Further Reading

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:36, 6 December 2020
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	== Background ==		==Background==

	=== Microbiology ===		===Microbiology===

	* Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]]		*Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]]
	* Grows slowly on blood agar		*Grows slowly on blood agar
	* Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''		*Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''
	* Classified within the family [[Actinomycetaceae]], which also includes [[Arcanobacterium]] and [[Trueperella]]		*Classified within the family [[Actinomycetaceae]], which also includes [[Arcanobacterium]] and [[Trueperella]]
	* Member of the genitourinary microflora		*Member of the genitourinary microflora

	=== Epidemiology ===		===Epidemiology===

	* Occurs most often in patients older than 60 years or in children		*Occurs most often in patients older than 60 years or in children
	* May be more common in patients with preexisting genitourinary conditions, including [[bladder cancer]], [[urinary incontinence]], [[urinary catheterization]], [[BPH]], [[neurogenic bladder]], [[urethral stenosis]], and [[prostate cancer]], as well as in immunocompromised hosts		*May be more common in patients with preexisting genitourinary conditions, including [[bladder cancer]], [[urinary incontinence]], [[urinary catheterization]], [[BPH]], [[neurogenic bladder]], [[urethral stenosis]], and [[prostate cancer]], as well as in immunocompromised hosts

	== Clinical Manifestations ==		==Clinical Manifestations==

	* Rare, with only ~~172~~ cases described to date[[CiteRef::lotte2016ac]]		*Rare, with only a few hundred cases described to date[[CiteRef::lotte2016ac]]
	* Mostly causes [[urinary tract infection]] (70% of published ~~cases~~), which includes [[cystitis]] or [[prostatitis]] (40%), [[urosepsis]] or [[pyelonephritis]] (29%), [[epididymitis]] (0.5%), and bladder necrosis (0.5%(		*Mostly causes [[urinary tract infection]] (70% of cases published by 2016), which includes [[cystitis]] or [[prostatitis]] (40%), [[urosepsis]] or [[pyelonephritis]] (29%), [[epididymitis]] (0.5%), and bladder necrosis (0.5%)
	* Also causes [[bacteremia]] (19%), [[Abscess\|abscesses]] mostly in the groin but also elsewhere (7%), [[cellulitis]] (1.5%), [[discitis]] (1.5%), [[endocarditis]] (0.5%), and [[Fournier gangrene]] (0.5%)		*Also causes [[bacteremia]] (19%), [[Abscess\|abscesses]] mostly in the groin but also elsewhere (7%), [[cellulitis]] (1.5%), [[discitis]] (1.5%), [[endocarditis]] (0.5%), and [[Fournier gangrene]] (0.5%)

	== Management ==		==Management==

	* Susceptible to all [[β-lactams]], as well as [[tetracyclines]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[rifampin]], and [[nitrofurantoin]]		*Susceptible to all [[β-lactams]], as well as [[tetracyclines]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[rifampin]], and [[nitrofurantoin]]
	* May be susceptible to [[fosfomycin]]		*May be susceptible to [[fosfomycin]]
	* Can have reduced susceptibility to [[genatmicin]] and can be resistant to [[macrolides]], [[lincosamides]], [[TMP-SMX]], and [[fluoroquinolones]] (though may be susceptible to [[levofloxacin]] and [[moxifloxacin]])		*Can have reduced susceptibility to [[genatmicin]] and can be resistant to [[macrolides]], [[lincosamides]], [[TMP-SMX]], and [[fluoroquinolones]] (though may be susceptible to [[levofloxacin]] and [[moxifloxacin]])

	== Further Reading ==		==Further Reading==

	* ''Actinotignum schaalii'' (formerly ''Actinobaculum schaalii''): a newly recognized pathogen—review of the literature. ''Clin Microbiol Infect''. 2016;22(1):28-36. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038]		*''Actinotignum schaalii'' (formerly ''Actinobaculum schaalii''): a newly recognized pathogen—review of the literature. ''Clin Microbiol Infect''. 2016;22(1):28-36. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038]
			*Clinical and microbiological features of ''Actinotignum'' bacteremia: a retrospective observational study of 57 cases. ''Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis''. 2017;36(5):791–796. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2862-y 10.1007/s10096-016-2862-y]

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinotignum schaalii''}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinotignum schaalii''}}

Aidan: Created page with "== Background == === Microbiology === * Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic Stain::Gram-positive Shape::bacillus * Grows slowly on blood ag..."

2020-12-05T16:13:17Z

Created page with "== Background == === Microbiology === * Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic Stain::Gram-positive Shape::bacillus * Grows slowly on blood ag..."

New page

== Background ==

=== Microbiology ===

* Small, non-motile, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic [[Stain::Gram-positive]] [[Shape::bacillus]]
* Grows slowly on blood agar
* Previously known as ''Actinobaculum schaalii''
* Classified within the family [[Actinomycetaceae]], which also includes [[Arcanobacterium]] and [[Trueperella]]
* Member of the genitourinary microflora

=== Epidemiology ===

* Occurs most often in patients older than 60 years or in children
* May be more common in patients with preexisting genitourinary conditions, including [[bladder cancer]], [[urinary incontinence]], [[urinary catheterization]], [[BPH]], [[neurogenic bladder]], [[urethral stenosis]], and [[prostate cancer]], as well as in immunocompromised hosts

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* Rare, with only 172 cases described to date[[CiteRef::lotte2016ac]]
* Mostly causes [[urinary tract infection]] (70% of published cases), which includes [[cystitis]] or [[prostatitis]] (40%), [[urosepsis]] or [[pyelonephritis]] (29%), [[epididymitis]] (0.5%), and bladder necrosis (0.5%(
* Also causes [[bacteremia]] (19%), [[Abscess|abscesses]] mostly in the groin but also elsewhere (7%), [[cellulitis]] (1.5%), [[discitis]] (1.5%), [[endocarditis]] (0.5%), and [[Fournier gangrene]] (0.5%)

== Management ==

* Susceptible to all [[β-lactams]], as well as [[tetracyclines]], [[vancomycin]], [[linezolid]], [[rifampin]], and [[nitrofurantoin]]
* May be susceptible to [[fosfomycin]]
* Can have reduced susceptibility to [[genatmicin]] and can be resistant to [[macrolides]], [[lincosamides]], [[TMP-SMX]], and [[fluoroquinolones]] (though may be susceptible to [[levofloxacin]] and [[moxifloxacin]])

== Further Reading ==

* ''Actinotignum schaalii'' (formerly ''Actinobaculum schaalii''): a newly recognized pathogen—review of the literature. ''Clin Microbiol Infect''. 2016;22(1):28-36. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.038]

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinotignum schaalii''}}
[[Category:Gram-positive bacilli]]