Actinomyces - Revision history

Aidan at 15:43, 9 February 2026

2026-02-09T15:43:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:43, 9 February 2026
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	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===

	*~~Weakly~~ [[Stain::Gram-positive]] branching [[Shape::bacillus]] that looks fungal under microscopy		*Genus of weakly [[Stain::Gram-positive]] branching [[Shape::bacillus]] that looks fungal under microscopy
	*Molar tooth appearance of colonies		*Molar tooth appearance of colonies
	*Member of oral and gut flora		*Member of oral and gut flora
	*Often part of polymicrobial infections		*Often part of polymicrobial infections involving other commensal flora
			*Includes the following species of medical importance: [[Actinomyces israelii]] (most commone), [[Actinomyces gerencseriae]], [[Actinomyces meyeri]] (more likely to disseminate), [[Actinomyces viscosus]], [[Actinomyces naeslundii]], [[Actinomyces odontolyticus]], [[Actinomyces neuii]], [[Actinomyces turicensis]], [[Actinomyces radingae]], [[Actinomyces pyogenes]], [[Actinomyces georgiae]], [[Actinomyces graevenitzii]], [[Actinomyces propionica]]

			=== Pathophysiology ===
	*Spreads by direct invasion through tissue and creating fistulae		*Spreads by direct invasion through tissue and creating fistulae

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	*Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin		*Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin
			**Organs affected can include appendix, cecum, colon, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, esophagus, rectum, and spleen
			*Second most common presentation in about 25% of cases

	===~~Pulmonary~~ Actinomycosis===		===Thoracic Actinomycosis===

			*Includes pulmonary, bronchial, and laryngeal actinomycosis
	*Presents as a chronic, non-resolving [[pneumonia]] or as a lung cancer		*Presents as a chronic, non-resolving [[pneumonia]] or as a lung cancer
	*Can spread directly to involve heart as well		*Can spread directly to involve heart as well
			*Accounts for about 15% of cases

			=== Pelvic Actinomycosis ===

			* Less than 5% of cases
			* Can involve uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, bladder, and kidneys

	===Others===		===Others===

	*Soft tissue infections		*Soft tissue infections
			*Bone and joint infections
			*CNS infections
	*[[Endocarditis]]		*[[Endocarditis]]
	*[[Blood culture contamination]][[CiteRef::bourbeau2016is]]		*[[Blood culture contamination]][[CiteRef::bourbeau2016is]]

			== Diagnosis ==

			* Isolation of ''Actinomyces'' in culture from a sterile site
			* Identification of sulfur granules with compatible clinical syndrome and/or histology

	==Management==		==Management==
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	*First-line is [[Is treated by::penicillin]] IV x4-6 weeks then [[penicillin]] PO x6-12 months		*First-line is [[Is treated by::penicillin]] IV x4-6 weeks then [[penicillin]] PO x6-12 months
	*Alternatives include [[Is treated by::ceftriaxone]], [[Is treated by::clindamycin]], and [[Is treated by::doxycycline]]		*Alternatives include [[Is treated by::ceftriaxone]], [[Is treated by::clindamycin]], and [[Is treated by::doxycycline]]
			*May need surgery, including for abscess drainage, debridement, management of fistulas, etc.
	*May need surgery

	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==

Aidan at 15:33, 9 February 2026

2026-02-09T15:33:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:33, 9 February 2026
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	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==

	* ''Actinomyces'' and Related Organisms in Human Infections. doi: [https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00100-14 https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00100-14]~~{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''}}~~		* ''Actinomyces'' and Related Organisms in Human Infections. doi: [https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00100-14 https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00100-14]

			{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''}}
	[[Category:Bacteria]]		[[Category:Bacteria]]

Aidan at 18:11, 20 October 2025

2025-10-20T18:11:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:11, 20 October 2025
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	===Others===		===Others===

			*Soft tissue infections
	*[[Endocarditis]]		*[[Endocarditis]]
	*[[Blood culture contamination]][[CiteRef::bourbeau2016is]]		*[[Blood culture contamination]][[CiteRef::bourbeau2016is]]

Aidan at 18:10, 20 October 2025

2025-10-20T18:10:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:10, 20 October 2025
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	*[[Endocarditis]]		*[[Endocarditis]]
			*[[Blood culture contamination]][[CiteRef::bourbeau2016is]]

	==Management==		==Management==

Aidan at 17:16, 6 July 2022

2022-07-06T17:16:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:16, 6 July 2022
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	*May need surgery		*May need surgery

			== Further Reading ==
	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''}}

			* ''Actinomyces'' and Related Organisms in Human Infections. doi: [https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00100-14 https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00100-14]{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''}}
	[[Category:Bacteria]]		[[Category:Bacteria]]

Aidan: Aidan moved page Actinomyces species to Actinomyces over a redirect without leaving a redirect

2022-01-25T17:00:49Z

Aidan moved page Actinomyces species to Actinomyces over a redirect without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 17:00, 25 January 2022
(No difference)

Aidan at 17:00, 25 January 2022

2022-01-25T17:00:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:00, 25 January 2022
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	*May need surgery		*May need surgery

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''}}
	[[Category:Bacteria]]		[[Category:Bacteria]]

Aidan: Text replacement - " species}}" to ""

2022-01-25T16:41:27Z

Text replacement - " species}}" to ""

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:41, 25 January 2022
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	*May need surgery		*May need surgery

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces'' ~~species}}~~		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Actinomyces''
	[[Category:Bacteria]]		[[Category:Bacteria]]

Aidan: /* Clinical Manifestations */

2021-04-11T16:30:42Z

Clinical Manifestations

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:30, 11 April 2021
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	== Background ==		==Background==

	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===
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	==Clinical Manifestations==		==Clinical Manifestations==

	===Cervicofacial ~~actinomycosis~~===		===Cervicofacial Actinomycosis===

	*"Lumpy jaw syndrome" with painless jaw mass, trismus, and eventually pain		*"Lumpy jaw syndrome" with painless jaw mass, trismus, and eventually pain
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	*Most common form, accounting for ~50% of cases		*Most common form, accounting for ~50% of cases

	===Abdominal ~~actinomycosis~~===		===Abdominal Actinomycosis===

	*Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin		*Presents as an abdominal mass that fistulizes to skin

	===Pulmonary ~~actinomycosis~~===		===Pulmonary Actinomycosis===

	*Presents as a chronic, non-resolving [[pneumonia]] or as a lung cancer		*Presents as a chronic, non-resolving [[pneumonia]] or as a lung cancer

Aidan: Text replacement - "[[Cellular shape::" to "[[Shape::"

2020-10-09T17:01:10Z

Text replacement - "[[Cellular shape::" to "[[Shape::"

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 9 October 2020
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	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===

	*Weakly [[Stain::Gram-positive]] branching [[~~Cellular shape~~::bacillus]] that looks fungal under microscopy		*Weakly [[Stain::Gram-positive]] branching [[Shape::bacillus]] that looks fungal under microscopy
	*Molar tooth appearance of colonies		*Molar tooth appearance of colonies
	*Member of oral and gut flora		*Member of oral and gut flora