Acanthamoeba - Revision history

Aidan: Aidan moved page Acanthamoeba species to Acanthamoeba without leaving a redirect

2022-01-25T16:47:43Z

Aidan moved page Acanthamoeba species to Acanthamoeba without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 16:47, 25 January 2022
(No difference)

Aidan at 16:47, 25 January 2022

2022-01-25T16:47:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:47, 25 January 2022
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	**[[Is treated by::Hexamidine]]		**[[Is treated by::Hexamidine]]

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba'' ~~species~~}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba''}}
	[[Category:Protozoa]]		[[Category:Protozoa]]

Aidan: dx

2020-08-07T01:08:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:08, 7 August 2020
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	*Present with severe pain, photophobia, tearing		*Present with severe pain, photophobia, tearing
	*May see dendiform epitheliopathy or stromal ring		*May see dendiform epitheliopathy or stromal ring

			== Diagnosis ==

			* Ameba culture on nutrient agar with layer of gram-negative bacteria at 30ºC (cornea/skin) or 37–C (brain/lung)
			* Species identification done with 18S rDNA sequencing

	==Management==		==Management==

Aidan: /* Microbiology */

2020-08-07T01:06:27Z

Microbiology

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:06, 7 August 2020
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	==Background==		==Background==
	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===

	* One of the [[free-living amoebae]]		*One of the [[free-living amoebae]]
	* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans		*Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans
	* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)		*Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)
	* Species traditionally organized morphologically into 3 groups		*Species traditionally organized morphologically into 3 groups

			{\| class="wikitable"
			!Group
			!Species
			!Trophozoite Size
			!Cyst Size
			\|-
			\|I
			\|''A. astronyxis'', ''A. comandoni'', ''A. tubiashi'', ''A. byersi''
			\|30-125 μm
			\|16-35 μm
			\|-
			\|II
			\|''A. castellanii'', ''A. polyphaga'', ''A. rhysodes'', ''A. hatchetti''
			\|15-45 μm
			\|≤18 μm
			\|-
			\|III
			\|''A. culbertsoni'', ''A. royreba'', ''A. lenticulata''
			\|15-45 μm
			\|<18 μm with different morphologies
			\|}

	===Life Cycle===		===Life Cycle===

	* Cysts and trophozoites can cause disease		*Cysts and trophozoites can cause disease

	===Epidemiology===		===Epidemiology===

	* More common in immunocompromised patients, with risk factors including [[AIDS]], liver disease, diabetes, organ transplantation, corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, and rituximab		*More common in immunocompromised patients, with risk factors including [[AIDS]], liver disease, diabetes, organ transplantation, corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, and rituximab

	==Clinical Manifestations==		==Clinical Manifestations==
	===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===		===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===

	* Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness, focal neurological deficiets)		*Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness, focal neurological deficiets)
	* Often preceded by cutaneous lesions by months		*Often preceded by cutaneous lesions by months
	** May include ulcers, nodules, and subcutaneous abscesses		**May include ulcers, nodules, and subcutaneous abscesses
	** Amoebic granulomas on biopsy		**Amoebic granulomas on biopsy

	===Non-neurological disseminated acanthamoebiasis===		===Non-neurological disseminated acanthamoebiasis===

	* Rarely, patients may have disseminated disease without evidence of CNS involvement		*Rarely, patients may have disseminated disease without evidence of CNS involvement
	* Mostly seen in patients with AIDS, transplant, or prolonged corticosteroid use		*Mostly seen in patients with AIDS, transplant, or prolonged corticosteroid use
	* Most commonly involves skin, but can involve liver, lungs, and bones		*Most commonly involves skin, but can involve liver, lungs, and bones

	===Amoebic keratitis===		===Amoebic keratitis===

	* Sight- and eye-threatening infection		*Sight- and eye-threatening infection
	* Often secondary to corneal trauma or improper contact lens hygiene		*Often secondary to corneal trauma or improper contact lens hygiene
	* Present with severe pain, photophobia, tearing		*Present with severe pain, photophobia, tearing
	* May see dendiform epitheliopathy or stromal ring		*May see dendiform epitheliopathy or stromal ring

	==Management==		==Management==
	===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===		===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===

	* Can consider a combinaction of [[Is treated by::pentamidine]], [[Is treated by::azoles]], [[Is treated by::flucytosine]], [[Is treated by::sulfadiazine]], [[Is treated by::miltefosine]], [[Is treated by::amikacin]], and [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]		*Can consider a combinaction of [[Is treated by::pentamidine]], [[Is treated by::azoles]], [[Is treated by::flucytosine]], [[Is treated by::sulfadiazine]], [[Is treated by::miltefosine]], [[Is treated by::amikacin]], and [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]

	===Amoebic keratitis===		===Amoebic keratitis===

	* Can be treated with any of:
	** ~~[[Is~~ treated ~~by:~~:~~PHMB]]~~		*Can be treated with any of:
	** [[Is treated by::~~Chlorhexadine~~]]		**[[Is treated by::PHMB]]
	** ~~Topical and oral~~ [[Is treated by::~~voriconazole~~]]		**[[Is treated by::Chlorhexadine]]
	** [[Is treated by::~~Propamidine~~]]		**Topical and oral [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]
	** [[Is treated by::~~Hexamidine~~]]		**[[Is treated by::Propamidine]]
			**[[Is treated by::Hexamidine]]

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba'' species}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba'' species}}

Aidan: /* Microbiology */

2020-08-07T01:03:12Z

Microbiology

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:03, 7 August 2020
Line 4:		Line 4:
	* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans		* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans
	* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)		* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)
			* Species traditionally organized morphologically into 3 groups

	===Life Cycle===		===Life Cycle===

Aidan: Text replacement - "Clinical Presentation" to "Clinical Manifestations"

2020-07-14T10:46:03Z

Text replacement - "Clinical Presentation" to "Clinical Manifestations"

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:46, 14 July 2020
Line 11:		Line 11:
	* More common in immunocompromised patients, with risk factors including [[AIDS]], liver disease, diabetes, organ transplantation, corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, and rituximab		* More common in immunocompromised patients, with risk factors including [[AIDS]], liver disease, diabetes, organ transplantation, corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, and rituximab

	==Clinical ~~Presentation~~==		==Clinical Manifestations==
	===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===		===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===
	* Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness, focal neurological deficiets)		* Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness, focal neurological deficiets)

Aidan: /* Management */ added amoebic keratitis

2020-06-04T14:12:08Z

Management: added amoebic keratitis

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:12, 4 June 2020
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	===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===		===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===
	* Can consider a combinaction of [[Is treated by::pentamidine]], [[Is treated by::azoles]], [[Is treated by::flucytosine]], [[Is treated by::sulfadiazine]], [[Is treated by::miltefosine]], [[Is treated by::amikacin]], and [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]		* Can consider a combinaction of [[Is treated by::pentamidine]], [[Is treated by::azoles]], [[Is treated by::flucytosine]], [[Is treated by::sulfadiazine]], [[Is treated by::miltefosine]], [[Is treated by::amikacin]], and [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]

			===Amoebic keratitis===
			* Can be treated with any of:
			** [[Is treated by::PHMB]]
			** [[Is treated by::Chlorhexadine]]
			** Topical and oral [[Is treated by::voriconazole]]
			** [[Is treated by::Propamidine]]
			** [[Is treated by::Hexamidine]]

	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba'' species}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Acanthamoeba'' species}}

Aidan: /* Background */

2020-06-04T03:33:15Z

Background

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:33, 4 June 2020
Line 4:		Line 4:
	* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans		* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans
	* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)		* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)

			===Life Cycle===
			* Cysts and trophozoites can cause disease

	===Epidemiology===		===Epidemiology===

Aidan: /* Microbiology */

2020-06-04T03:23:43Z

Microbiology

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:23, 4 June 2020
Line 2:		Line 2:
	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===
	* One of the [[free-living amoebae]]		* One of the [[free-living amoebae]]
			* Seventeen genotypes (T1-T17), of which 10 have caused disease in humans
			* Most common is ''[[Acanthamoeba castellanii]]'' complex (T4)

	===Epidemiology===		===Epidemiology===

Aidan at 03:21, 4 June 2020

2020-06-04T03:21:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:21, 4 June 2020
Line 2:		Line 2:
	===Microbiology===		===Microbiology===
	* One of the [[free-living amoebae]]		* One of the [[free-living amoebae]]

			===Epidemiology===
			* More common in immunocompromised patients, with risk factors including [[AIDS]], liver disease, diabetes, organ transplantation, corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, and rituximab

	==Clinical Presentation==		==Clinical Presentation==
	===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===		===Granulomatous amebic encephalitis===
	* Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness)		* Subacute presentation of encephalitis (fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, behaviour changes, altered level of conciousness, focal neurological deficiets)
	* Often preceded by cutaneous lesions		* Often preceded by cutaneous lesions by months
			** May include ulcers, nodules, and subcutaneous abscesses
			** Amoebic granulomas on biopsy

			===Non-neurological disseminated acanthamoebiasis===
			* Rarely, patients may have disseminated disease without evidence of CNS involvement
			* Mostly seen in patients with AIDS, transplant, or prolonged corticosteroid use
			* Most commonly involves skin, but can involve liver, lungs, and bones

	===Amoebic keratitis===		===Amoebic keratitis===