View source for Transfusion-related acute lung injury

== Background ==

* Respiratory syndrome with hypoxia and bilateral CXR infiltrates associated with [[blood transfusion]]
** Mostly with RBCs, platelets, or plasma, but can rarely happen after [[cryoprecipitate]] or [[IVIg]]
* Occurs within 6 hours of transfusion, with no evidence of heart failure
* Occurs in about 1 in 10,000 transfusion
* Mortality is 5 to 10%
* Unclear pathophysiology

== Clinical Manifestations ==

* Onset usually within 1 to 2 hours of transfusion, but may be up to 6 hours
* Dyspnea and hypoxia
* Bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray
* Presents similarly to [[ARDS]]
* Usually resolves within 24 to 72 hours

== Management ==

* Stop transfusion
* Supportive care; often requires mechanical ventilation
* Diuretics and steroids not helpful

[[Category:Respirology]]
[[Category:Hematology]]