View source for Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome

* A [[toxic shock syndrome]] caused by infection with [[Staphylococcus aureus]]

== Case Definition ==

Source: [https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nndss/conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome-other-than-streptococcal/case-definition/2011/ CDC case definition 2011]

=== Clinical Criteria ===

An illness with the following clinical manifestations:

* '''Fever:''' temperature greater than or equal to 102.0°F (greater than or equal to 38.9°C)
* '''Rash:''' diffuse macular erythroderma
* '''Desquamation:''' 1-2 weeks after onset of rash
* '''Hypotension:''' systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 90 mm Hg for adults or less than fifth percentile by age for children aged less than 16 years
* '''Multisystem involvement''' (three or more of the following organ systems):
** '''Gastrointestinal:''' vomiting or diarrhea at onset of illness
** '''Muscular:''' severe myalgia or creatine phosphokinase level at least twice the upper limit of normal
** '''Mucous membrane:''' vaginal, oropharyngeal, or conjunctival hyperemia
** '''Renal:''' blood urea nitrogen or creatinine at least twice the upper limit of normal for laboratory or urinary sediment with pyuria (greater than or equal to 5 leukocytes per high-power field) in the absence of urinary tract infection
** '''Hepatic:''' total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase enzyme, or asparate aminotransferase enzyme levels at least twice the upper limit of normal for laboratory
** '''Hematologic:''' platelets less than 100,000/mm3
** '''Central nervous system:''' disorientation or alterations in consciousness without focal neurologic signs when fever and hypotension are absent

=== Laboratory Criteria for Diagnosis ===

Negative results on the following tests, if obtained:

* Blood or cerebrospinal fluid cultures (blood culture may be positive for Staphylococcus aureus)
* Negative serologies for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, leptospirosis, or measles

=== Case Classification ===

* '''Probable:''' A case which meets the laboratory criteria and in which four of the five clinical criteria described above are present
* '''Confirmed:''' A case which meets the laboratory criteria and in which all five of the clinical criteria described above are present, including desquamation, unless the patient dies before desquamation occurs

[[Category:Infectious syndromes]]