View source for Pleural effusion in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

==Background==

*Incidence of 16% in first 100 days post-transplant

===Etiology===

*Infection (39%), often with concurrent bacteremia or fungemia
**Gram-positive bacteria
**Gram-negative bacteria
**Polymicrobial infections
**[[Candida albicans]]
**[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
**[[CMV]]
**[[Legionella]]
**Rare: [[influenza]], [[Aspergillus]], [[mucormycosis]], [[human metapneumovirus]], [[human herpesvirus 6]]
*Volume overload (24%)
*Serositis-type [[GVHD]] (11%)
*Others: [[malignant pleural effusion]], engraftment syndrome, [[BOOP]], [[congestive heart failure]], idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome

== Further Reading ==

* Incidence, etiology, and outcome of pleural effusions in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ''Am J Hematol''. 2016;91(9):E341-E347. doi: [https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.24435 10.1002/ajh.24435]